【作者】 刘佳佳；

【导师】 杨连玉；

【作者基本信息】 吉林农业大学 ， 动物营养与饲料科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 药理研究表明刺五加具有增强机体免疫力、抗衰老、抗应激、抗肿瘤等功效，属固本扶正类药物，临床研究发现刺五加对于胃肠疾病有良好的治疗作用。本文旨在研究刺五加及其提取物对哺乳仔猪肠道发育的影响。本试验采用单因子完全随机化的试验设计，选用7日龄长×大二元杂交仔猪18窝，共分为6组，每组3个重复，每个重复8-10头仔猪，试验期为21天，共分为两阶段完成。除空白对照组外，各试验组分别在基础日粮的基础中添加金霉素(10％)200mg／kg、刺五加醇提取物50mg／kg、200mg／kg、水提取物200mg／kg及1％刺五加全成分粗粉。于14日龄、21日龄在每个重复当中随机抽取3头健康仔猪进行屠宰，取空肠、十二指肠、回肠样本并做石蜡切片进行绒毛长度及隐窝深度等的测量、做电镜扫描观察小肠绒毛的形态学变化，并检测小肠粘膜二糖酶含量及血液中类胰岛素生长因子(IGF-Ⅰ)含量。刺五加对仔猪腹泻率的影响试验结果表明：至仔猪21日龄时仔猪腹泻率统计结果为50mg／kg醇提取物组腹泻率为0，200mg／kg醇提取物组、200mg／kg水提取物组、200mg／kg金霉素组、1％粗粉添加组及对照组分别为1.0％、0.49％、2.13％、0.57％和2.25％。仔猪腹泻死亡率分别为50mg／kg醇提取物组及200mg／kg水提取物组为0，1％粗粉添加组、200mg／kg醇提取物组、200mg／kg金霉素组、对照组依次为0.37％、0.49％、1.56％和1.82％刺五加及其提取物对哺乳仔猪脏器、肠道发育的影响结果：在仔猪14日龄时，饲喂200mg／kg刺五加醇提物组，其肝脏(未去胆囊)相对重及肠道相对重均显著高于对照组和相同添加量的水提取物组(P＜0.05)。在仔猪21日龄时，饲喂50mg／kg刺五加醇提取物组，肝脏、脾脏相对重量均显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05)。在绒毛长度方面，仔猪14日龄时，200mg／kg添加水提取物及醇提取物组在各个肠断绒毛发育均优于对照组(P＜0.05)。21日龄时，在各肠段绒毛长度上，50mg／kg醇提取物与其他各组相比呈极显著差异(P＜0.01)，1％刺五加粗粉添加组明显优于对照组及金霉素组(P＜0.05)。在各肠段的隐窝深度方面，21日龄时，50mg／kg醇提取物组的隐窝深度较其他组呈显著差异(P＜0.01)，空白对照组和金霉素组之间差异不显著(P＞0.05)。在绒腺比方面，仔猪14日龄时，200mg／kg添加水提取物组明显优于对照组(P＜0.05)，21日龄时，50mg／kg刺五加醇提物也表现出了明显优势(P＜0.05)，并且仔猪各个肠段的绒毛直径与单位面积上的绒毛数也说明刺五加及其提取物能有效的促进仔猪绒毛的发育，增加其吸收面积。激素检测结果同样显示，在添加刺五加及提取物的试验组中，仔猪血液中IGF-Ⅰ水平明显高于对照组(P＜0.05)，可有效地刺激小肠粘膜刷状缘的发育，有利于小肠粘膜的发育。刺五加及其提取物对哺乳仔猪小肠粘膜二糖酶变化的影响结果显示：小肠粘膜二糖酶检测结果同样表明，14日龄时，200mg/kg添加水提取物组可刺激小肠粘膜二糖酶的分泌(P＜0.05)，21日龄时50mg/kg刺五加醇提物也表现出了明显优势(P＜0.05)。综上所述，刺五加及其提取物能有效地促进哺乳仔猪的肠道发育，增加小肠的吸收面积，并有效地促进小肠粘膜中二糖酶的发育，从而达到促进仔猪生长的目的。将是一种有开发潜力的绿色饲料添加剂。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (ASH)has the pure natural superiority, it also has theefficiency of promote the livestock growth、restrain the pathogenic bacterium and enhance theimmunity. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ASH on intestinal tract maturationin suckling piglets. Method: In this study we chose landrace×large Yorkshire crossingbreed (L×L)piglets 18 broods,7 days of age, divide them into 6 groups randomly, and each groups has 3repetitions, 8-10 piglets in each repetition. Five diets contain chlorotetracycline (CTC) 200mg/kg、ASH alcohol extractives 50mg/kg、200mg/kg、water extractives 200mg/kg and 1% ASH coarsepowder respectively except control group. Piglets were placed with female pig in preliminarylabor bed. The feeding experiment is to last for 2 weeks; diets and water were available ad libitum.At the 14 and 21days of age, select 3 piglets from each repetition randomly to abatage. Selectjejunum、duodenum、ileum and make paraffin section to measure the length of villus and depth ofcrypts, and observe the villis morphology change onsmall intestine by electron microscope result,detect the disaccharidase content in villous coat of small intestine and the IGF-Ⅰcontent in blood.The result of effect of ASH on the ratio of diarrhea in piglets showed:At the 21th day,the ratio of diarrhea of 50mg/kg alcohol extractives is 0, and the 200mg/kgalcohol extractives, 200mg/kg water extractives、acronize group、1% ASH coarse powder andcontrol group is 1.0%、0.49%、2.13%、0.57% and 2.25%. and the death rate of 50mg/kg alcoholextractives、200mg/kg water extractives is 0, 1% ASH coarse powder、200mg/kg alcoholextractives、acronize group and control group is 0.37%、0.49%、1.56% and 1.82% by turns.The result of effect of ASH and the extractive on internal organ and intestinal tractdevelopment in piglets:At the 14th day, there was significant (P＜0.05) difference surveyed on liver and intestinaltract relative weight among 200mg/kg alcohol extractives and water extractives group, at the 21thday, that was significantly (P＜0.05)decreased in group 50mg/kg alcohol extractives than othersgroup on liver and spleen relative weight.In the aspect of villus length, at the 14th day, the intestinal tract development of 200mg/kgalcohol extractives and 200mg/kg water extractives is better than control group (P＜0.05),at the21th day, the 50mg/kg alcohol extractives group was more long (P＜0.01) than other groups, 1%coarse powder group surpass than control group and CTC group (P＜0.05); In the aspect of cryptsdepth, at the 21th day, the 50mg/kg alcohol extractives group was the deepest (P＜0.01), and thedifference was non-significant between control group and the CTC group (P＞0.05);In the aspect of the ratio between villus length and crypt depth, at the 14th day, there was significant (P＜0.05)difference between1% coarse powder group and CTC group, at the 21th day,the 50mg/kg alcoholextractives group displayed superiority markedly (P＜0.01). The diameter of the villus and thequantity of unit area also indicate that the ASH and the extractives could promote the villusdevelopment, increased the absorption surface. And the result of hormone level also showed thatin the experiment groups, the IGF-Ⅰlevel of ASH and the extractive is significant high thancontrol group (P＜0.05), and it could excite the brush border development on villous coat of smallintestine, it is profit for villous coat of small intestine development.The result of effect of ASH and the extractive on disaccharidase change on villous coat ofsmall intestine in piglets showed that: at 14th, the 200mg/kg water extractives could excite thedisaccharidase secretion (P＜0.05),at the 21th day, the 50mg/kg alcohol extractives group alsoshowed the obviously preponderance (P＜0.05).To sum up, The ASH and the extractives could stimulate the small intestine developmentmarkedly under the determinate additive dose. And it has the marked superiority than CTC, itsuggest that it will be a potential green feed addictive to developed.更多还原