【作者】 刘崴；

【导师】 李冰；

【作者基本信息】 中国地质科学院 ， 分析化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 碘是人体必需的微量元素,与人体的生长发育、新陈代谢密切相关,缺碘或摄入过多都会导致各种疾病。虽然有关碘的测定方法有很多种,但是对于痕量超痕量碘的分析仍是一个难点。本工作在已有的碘分析方法基础上,改进了水、土壤、植物样品中碘的测定方法,并将方法应用于实际样品的分析。利用所建立的方法分析了山西汾阳1000多件样品,为分析碘的含量分布,赋存状态,迁移转化条件和规律以及对人体健康的影响提供了大量有用的数据,从而为改水和供水安全提供了可靠的科学依据。有关环境、食品以及医药等样品中痕量碘的分析,一直是全球研究的热门课题之一。综合分析各方法的优缺点,电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)已成为痕量碘测定方法的首选。本工作在现代分析仪器ICP-MS为主要分析手段的前提下,通过采取Shield Torch高灵敏度模式和添加乙醇增加碘的信号响应强度,以达降低检出限的目的,使检出限达到0.009μg/L。方法检出限低,简便易行,其精密度和准确度均能满足分析要求,从而建立了适用于土壤和植物样品中痕量碘的测定方法。系统分析了山西汾阳地区各类样品共计1000多件,在实际的应用中取得了满意的结果,验证并完善了所建立的方法。有关碘的形态研究现已逐渐受到人们的重视。不同化学形态碘的生物有效性和毒理性有很大的差别,决定着它们在环境中的行为与归宿。测定碘在特定样品中存在的形态,才能更准确地评价碘对环境和生态体系的影响。本工作利用HPLC-ICP-MS联用技术,建立了地下水中IO3-及I-两种碘形态的测定方法。检出限为0.035μg/L和0.025μg/L,可满足碘形态的定量分析。并对部分土壤标准物质中碘的存在形态进行了初步的研究,初步结果表明所测土壤中碘主要以I-的形式存在。本工作建立了痕量碘以及碘形态的测定方法,并提供了大量的实际样品的测定数据,为分析碘的空间分布,赋存状态,迁移转化条件和规律以及对人体健康的影响,提供了可靠的科学依据。对我国高碘地区的高碘性地方病的防治工作具有重要的现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Iodine is regarded as an indispensable microelement for humans and some other biological species. It is a constituent of the thyroid hormones, the lack of which will cause goiter and various disorders associated with growth and development. However, excessive intake of iodine can also cause several diseases. This work was performed to improve the methods for determination of iodine in water、soil and plant samples. More than 1000 samples collected from Shanxi province were detected using this method. The results can help to analyze the iodine content distribution、the space distributing、the condition and rule of transference、and effect on the humans health. Consequently, they provide reference and evidence for offering water safely.Many kinds of methods for determination of iodine were mainly about trace iodine in environment、food and medicines. Among these methods, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a sensitive analytical technique, allowing precise and rapid measurement. Using the Shield Torch high sensitive mode and adding ethanol, the methods for determination of iodine in soils and plant samples were established using ICP-MS and the method detection limit for iodine was 0.009μg/L. The precision of the method is found to be in reasonable agreement with analytical request.The speciation analysis of iodine has been paid attention to, gradually. The bioavailability and toxicity of iodine are species dependent. Thus, the total analysis and characterization of iodine species in samples is an important pursuit. In this study, a specific determination for IO3- and I- in ground water using high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS) is described. The method detection limits for IO3-and I- with injection of 1mL were 0.035μg/L and 0.025μg/L, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of iodide and iodate in ground water. The speciation analysis of iodine in soil was also studied. And iodine was found to be principally present as iodide in the ground water and soil.更多还原