【作者】 方拴锋；

【导师】 经承学；

【作者基本信息】 广西医科大学 ， 儿科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 目的:全面了解南宁市中学生的心理健康水平及影响因素,探讨中学生心理健康状况与父母教养方式的关系,为中学生心理健康问题的咨询和治疗提供依据,帮助父母通过选择正确的教养方式来提高中学生的心理健康水平。方法:①采用一般情况调查表、症状自评量表(SCL-90)和父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU),按照现况研究分层整群抽样的方法对南宁市7所中学中(包括重点和非重点中学,普通高中和职业高中)2700名中学生进行问卷调查。将结果与国内相关研究进行对比,并把本研究样本按不同性别、是否少数民族、是否独生子女、是否单双亲及心理问题检测是否阳性等进行分组比较。进一步将有、无心理问题的学生的父母教养方式进行比较,了解对心理问题发生有重要影响的因素。②选取部分学生作为目标人群,对其进行了心理健康教育干预实验研究,采用问卷调查及目标人群干预实验。结果:(1)南宁市中学生心理问题检出率为14.5%;男女心理问题检出率无显著性差异(P＞0.05);非独生子女心理问题发生率高于独生子女(P＞0.05);少数民族中学生心理问题检出率为16.2%,少数民族中学生与汉民族中学生心理问题发生率无显著性差异(P＞0.05)。(2)南宁市中学生中父母离异的心理问题发生率为20.1%,无父母离异的心理问题发生率为13.8%,两者存在显著性差异(P＜0.01)。(3)南宁市中学生心理状况与国内各地的比较有差别(P＜0.01)。(4)经相关分析表明,SCL-90总分及各项因子分与EMBU的父母亲严厉惩罚、过分干涉、偏爱、过度保护、拒绝否认等项呈显著性意义的正相关;SCL-90总分及各项因子分与父母亲温暖理解项呈显著性意义的负相关。(5)本次干预实验效果明显,干预组学生的心理健康状况有所改善。结论:(1)南宁市中学生心理问题发生率为14.5%,应加强关注。(2)父母离异对中学生心理健康的影响是负面的。(3)中学生的心理异常与父母教养方式有密切关系。(4)心理健康教育是提高中学生心理健康水平的重要手段。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate mental health of middle school students and analyze the related factors that influence mental health of middle school students, and to explore the relationship between the mental health status of middle school students and parental rearing behavior.Our study trys to provide gist for consultation and treatment to the psychological problem,at the same time,try to assist the parents to find appropriate ways that can improve middle school students’ mental health status.Methods:By means of cluster sampling,2700 students selected from seven middle schools in Nanning city were investigated with Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90),the Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppfostran(EMBU)scale and the General Information questionnaire.The results were compared with domestic correlated research and the sample was classified into groups on the basis of different gender,minority or non-minority,singleton or non-singleton,single parent or parents and positive mental test or not,and each pair was compared with each other.The parental rearing patterns of the students with psychological problems and those without psychological problems were under comparison.By multivariate analysis,we find out the major related factors that cause psychological problems.The research aimed to set up a way to help student improve the level of their mental health by social psychology skill and study skill education,The study consists mainly of questionnaires and intervention experiments.Results:(1)14.5%of the middle school students in Nanning have psychological problems;The prevalence rate in the mental test of boys is not statistically different from that in girls(P＞0.05),the prevalence rate of mental test in non-singleton is higher than that in singleton(P＞0.05),Also 16.2%of the middle school students of minority in Nanning have psychological problems. But the prevalence rate of minority students is not statistically different from that of the Han nationality students(P＞0.05).(2)20.1%of the middle school students of parents divorce in Nanning have psychological problems.(3)There are significant differences between the prevalence rate of mental test in Nanning and other areas of China.(4)Correlation analysis showed that the total score and factor-scores of SCL-90 had positive correlation with parental punishment、rejection、preference and overprotection.The total score and factor-scores of SCL-90 were negatively related to parental emotional warmth.(5)The results of the intervention illustrate that the effectiveness of the program is significant,the mental health level of students in intervention group was improved contrasts to control group.Conclusions:(1)The mental healthy problem of middle school students in Nanning deserves further investigation and intervention.(2)Parents divorce influence on the psychological health of middle school students negatively(3) Psychological problems in middle school students were closely related to parental rearing behavior.(4)The education of middle school student’s mental health is a important way to help students improve the level of their mental health.更多还原