【作者】 李和平；

【导师】 邓俊良；

【作者基本信息】 四川农业大学 ， 临床兽医学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 试验选用200只11日龄“铁脚麻”肉鸡，采用单因子多水平随机分组实验设计，将肉鸡分为数量相等、体重均匀的4个组，每组5个重复，每个重复10只。肉鸡采用笼养，自由采食玉米—豆粕型基础日粮，自由饮水。分别在19～23日龄和29～33日龄时在基础日粮中分别添加0(对照组)、0.5％(低剂量组)、1％(中剂量组)、2％(高剂量组)复方中药“禽康散”(以下简称‘禽康散’)，试验期为6周。观测各组肉鸡的生产性能、胴体品质、免疫器官指数、外周血免疫球蛋白含量和淋巴细胞转化能力、新城疫抗体效价、红细胞补体受体花环率及免疫复合花环率、脾脏淋巴细胞周期，研究不同添加剂量的“禽康散”对肉鸡生产性能及免疫功能的影响及其规律。试验结果表明：1．低剂量组能提高肉鸡的平均日采食量、平均日增重量及料肉比，降低饲料转化率；中剂量组能降低肉鸡的平均日采食量，提高其平均日增重，降低肉鸡的料肉比，提高饲料转化率；高剂量组能降低肉鸡的平均日采食量、平均日增重量及料肉比，提高饲料转化率。其中中剂量组对提高肉鸡生产性能的效果最佳。2．“禽康散”对肉鸡的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、脂肪率均无显著的影响，但是能降低脂肪率，提高腿肌率和胸肌率，并且腿肌率和胸肌率随着添加量的增高而降低。3．“禽康散”对肉鸡免疫器官的发育有一定的促进作用。低剂量组对肉鸡法氏囊发育促进作用优于其它试验组，中剂量组对肉鸡胸腺和脾脏的发育促进作用明显。同时，“禽康散”能够提高脾脏增殖性细胞的数量，并且随着添加剂量的增加而升高。4．“禽康散”能够提高肉鸡外周血中IgG、IgM、IgA的含量，对IgG的含量提高作用最明显，对血清中IgM、IgA含量在第二次用药时达到显著水平。四个试验组中，低剂量组对提高肉鸡血清中IgG含量的效果最好，中剂量组对提高IgA含量效果最好，高剂量组对提高IgM含量的作用最好；“禽康散”能提高肉鸡新城疫抗体的滴度水平，中剂量组新城疫抗体滴度的平台期维持时间最长，抗体效价下降缓慢。5．“禽康散”能提高血液淋巴细胞的转化能力，其中中剂量组的作用最明显，其次分别为高剂量组、低剂量组。6．“禽康散”能够提高肉鸡红细胞补体受体花环率，降低红细胞的免疫复合物花环率，提高肉鸡的红细胞免疫功能。7．“禽康散”预防量以1％添加为最佳。肉鸡连续拌料饲喂5天，间隔用药两次，在临床上是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of this study was to test the growth performance and immune function of broilers by feeding a corn-soybean diet supplied with complex Chinese material media qinkangsan. The experiment had a completely randomized design with a 4x1 factorial arrangement of treatments （four treatments with five replications per treatment and ten chicks per replications）. The broilers were reared in cages. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum.The broilers were fed a basal corn-soybean diet. The dietary groups were: basal diet （control group）; basal diet+0.5% Chinese herbs （low-dose group）;basal diet+1% Chinese herbs （medium dosage group）and basal diet+2% Chinese herbs （high-dose group） with according to the clinic secure dose. Chinese herbs were fed 19～23 day-old and 29～33 day-old respectively. Experimental period was 6 weeks since 11 day-old. The growth performance, quality of naked body, immune organ index, the concentration of immunoglobulin in peripheral blood, lymphocyte transformation efficiency, ND antibody titer, percentage of the erythrocyte complement receptor rosette, percentage of erythrocyte immune compound rosette, spleen lymphocyte cycle were determined. The results were indicated that:1. Low-dose group could elevate average daily food intake, average daily gain and ratio of feed to meat, and decreased feed efficiency. Medium dosage group could decrease average daily food intake and ratio of feed to meat, and elevate average daily liveweight gain and feed efficiency. High-dose group could decrease average daily food intake, average daily liveweight gain and ratio of feed to meat and elevate feed efficiency. Medium dosage group had an optimal effect on improving the growth performance of broilers. 2. The result show no significant difference among different groups in slaughter percentage, semi-eviscerated percentage, eviscerated percentage and fat ratio. But qinkangsan could decrease fat ratio, elevate breast meat percentage and thigh percentage which decreased with supplement increased.3.Qinkangsan could promote development of immune organs to some extent. Compared to other groups, low-dose group had better promotion on development of bursa of Fabricius. Medium dosage group could promote development of thymus and spleen significantly. Qinkangsan could elevate quantity of spleen proliferating cells, moreover, which increased with supplementary dosage.4. Qinkangsan could elevate concentration of IgG, IgM and IgA, IgG of which was signficant. It was better for the second medication to elevate the concentration of the IgM, IgA in serum than the first. Qinkangsan could elevate ND antibody titer, and platform stage of medium dosage group could sustain the longest time and antibody titer decreased slowly. 5. Medium dosage group could elevate lymphocyte transformation efficiency significantly, next could high-dose group, and last could low-dose group. 6. Qinkangsan could increase the percentage of erythrocyte C_3bR rosette and decrease the percentage of ICR Rosette.7.The optimal supplemental dose of Qinkangsan was 1%. It was feasible to feed broilers with a diet supplemented with qinkangsan successive 5 days per time （total two times）.更多还原