【作者】 刘迎雪；

【导师】 卢立新；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 包装工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,运输过程中果品的保鲜得到了广泛的关注。有研究结果表明,运输过程中的振动对果品的呼吸作用有着重大的影响。当振动加速度较大时会引起果品损伤;在未引起果品损伤的轻微振动条件下,会引起果品的生理失常,振动加速度越大,果品的呼吸速率就越大。因此,本课题主要研究了以下几个内容:振动中的损伤会影响果品的呼吸,因此进行了跌落与呼吸测定试验。通过在不同跌落高度上的自由落体运动来得到不同的损伤程度,进一步分析损伤程度与樱桃番茄呼吸速率的关系,证明了损伤越大呼吸速率越大的事实。由于振动会引起果品呼吸速率的跃变,因此为了确定其临界振动加速度,采用不同的振幅和振动加速度进行了樱桃番茄的短时间振动试验。以静态樱桃番茄的呼吸速率做对比,得到樱桃番茄呼吸速率临界振动加速度值,确定长时间试验的振动参数。采用长时间、不同振动加速度和频率的振动试验,记录樱桃番茄在振动过程中呼吸速率的变化,分析振动参数对其的影响,为模型的探讨与建立提供了有利的依据。将振动后的樱桃番茄与新鲜的樱桃番茄在呼吸速率上进行比较,分析振动对其的影响,分析两者在呼吸速率上的差异为气调包装的设计带来的不便。并测量振动后樱桃番茄在各种生理指标上的变化,如失重率、硬度、酸度等,进一步确定振动为樱桃番茄带来的品质下降与质量消耗。通过温湿度传感器与监控设备观察和测量装有振动与新鲜樱桃番茄包装内温湿度的变化,分析不同状态的樱桃番茄呼吸情况,为气调包装提供理论依据。最后根据试验数据,用SAS软件分析得到了静态樱桃番茄酶动力学模型的参数,并以它为基础,估算出静态樱桃番茄呼吸速率的米氏方程理论值,将振动状态与静态樱桃番茄呼吸速率进行比较,以振动时间、振动频率和振动加速度为参数,探讨了振动过程中樱桃番茄呼吸模型(多项式方程和指数方程),并根据试验数据加以验证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently, more and more researches are focused on protection of fruits during transport. It is clear that vibration has great effect on respiration of fruits. In condition of slight vibration leading to no damage, the bigger the vibration acceleration is, the bigger the respiration is when the acceleration is big enough.The research mainly contains 5 contents:To prove whether damage has effects on respiration of cherry-tomato, tests were taken to analyze the relationship between damage and respiration by dropping the cherry-tomatoes at different heights. It is proved that damage could accelerate respiration of cherry-tomato. Short-vibration tests were taken to confirm the critical vibration intension at different extents and accelerations compared to static ones and parameters of long-vibration tests were made certain.Long-time-vibration tests were taken at different extents and accelerations. During the tests O2 and CO2 concentrations were recorded to calculate respiratory rates and analyze the effects of vibration parameters on the respiratory rates of cherry-tomatoes in order to provide attestation for discussing and establishing of the model of respiration rates of cherry-tomatoes.Compares of respiration rates were made between static cherry-tomatoes and vibrated ones and effects of vibration were analyzed. Moreover changes of physiological parameters, such as weight-loss rates, rigidity, acidity, were measured in order to confirm the decline of quality and loss of weight that vibration brought to cherry-tomatoes. Temperatures and humidity in packages with static and vibrated cherry-tomatoes were measured through temperatures and humidity sensors and supervising instruments to analyze respiration of cherry-tomatoes in different condition in order to provide more theory for modified atmosphere.According to tests results, parameters of models of cherry-tomatoes were worked out using SAS analysis software. On the basis of parameters, respirations of static cherry-tomato were calculated. And ratio between static cherry-tomato and vibrated ones were worked out. Models including M-M model, multinomial model and exponential model were established and adjustfied according to test results.更多还原