【作者】 王锦嫣；

【导师】 王鸿博；

【作者基本信息】 江南大学 ， 纺织工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 银系抗菌剂是目前应用最普遍的抗菌整理剂。纳米银抗菌剂除了优异的抗菌效果之外,还具备低毒性、易分散、无耐药性、不受pH值影响、亲水、及热稳定性等优点,日益成为制备抗菌材料的研究重点。本文在详细介绍了抗菌剂的分类和国内外制备纳米银抗菌织物方法的基础上,针对目前已有的制备纳米银抗菌织物方法的缺点,提出采用绿色环保的磁控溅射技术,在室温条件下,选择在丙纶及聚乳酸非织造布基材表面沉积功能性纳米结构银镀层,以实现纺织材料表面的抗菌功能化。论文主要探讨了溅射工艺参数(溅射时间,溅射功率,溅射压强和气体流量)以及氩气等离子预处理对抗菌性能的影响。采用振荡烧瓶法对非织造基纳米银薄膜进行了抗菌性能测试,同时利用扫描电镜(SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)和X射线能谱分析仪(EDX)研究了纳米结构银薄膜的表面微观形貌及组成成分。抗菌测试结果表明,溅射时间和氩等离子预处理是影响抗菌性能的两大关键因素,而溅射功率、溅射压强,气体流量对抗菌性能影响较小。在实验范围内,随溅射时间的延长,抗菌性能明显逐渐改善。对于丙纶及聚乳酸非织造布,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均达100%时的纳米银薄膜厚度分别为3nm和2nm。在相同工艺条件下,经氩等离子预处理的纳米银薄膜抗菌性能有明显的提高,对于丙纶及聚乳酸非织造布,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率均达100%时的纳米银薄膜厚度仅分别是2nm和0.5nm。AFM及EDX分析结果表明,随溅射时间的增加,膜的致密性、均匀性越来越好,表面积越来越大,织物单位面积上Ag元素含量逐渐增加,银离子释放的几率增大,样品抗菌性能提高;氩等离子预处理使织物表面凹凸不平,银粒子到达基材表面时不易因扩散运动而发生团聚,银粒子活性增大,此外,氩等离子处理引起的比表面积增大使溅射出的银粒子更多地附着在织物的表面,抗菌性能提高。在相同工艺条件下,丙纶与聚乳酸非织造基纳米结构银薄膜的抗菌性能存在的差异主要是由粗糙度及织物材质的亲水性导致的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Silver antimicrobial is the most widely used antibacterial finishing agents. Besides the excellent antibacterial effects, nanostructured silver has such advantages as low toxicity to human beings, easy to be dispersed in water, no tolerance, not affected by pH value and good thermal stability. Thus, preparation of antibacterial materials has aroused increasing attention from the people all over the world.In this paper, classification of the antibacterial finishing agents and techniques employed for the preparation of the nanostructured silver antibacterial textiles home and abroad were first introduced. For there are drawbacks existing in these available techniques, in this research, magnetron sputter coating which is friendly to the environments was used to deposit nanostructured silver films on polypropylene (PP) and PLA nonwovens at room temperature to obtain the antibacterial properties.In this research, the impacts of sputtering parameters such as deposition time, sputtering power, gas pressure and gas flow on antibacterial properties of the samples were investigated. Furthermore, the effect of argon plasma pretreatment for nonwovens on antibacterial properties was also studied. The antibacterial performance was assessed using shake flask test. The surface morphology was observed with SEM and AFM. Surface elemental distribution and elemental quantitative analysis was measured employing EDX. The antibacterial test results revealed that deposition time and argon plasma pretreatment were the two key factors affecting antibacterial properties of the coated materials, while sputtering power, gas pressure and gas flow had slight influence on antibacterial properties. Within the scale of experiment, antibacterial performance was significantly improved as the deposition time prolonged. For PP nonwovens, when the silver film thickness was above 3nm, both the reduction percentage of Staphyllococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria got to 100%; while for PLA nonwovens, as the coating thickness exceeded 2nm, both the reduction percentage reached 100%. Under the same processing condition, the coated samples with argon plasma pretreatment had the better antibacterial performance. And respectively for the pretreated PP and PLA nonwovens, when the film thickness got to 2nm and 0.5nm, the reduction percentage of both the tested bacteria reached 100%. AFM and EDX analysis indicated that as the deposition time prolonged, the coverage of the silver particles on nonwovens and silver weight percentage per unit surface increased, leading to an increase in release rate of silver ions from coating, which resulted in the improved antibacterial properties. The process of argon plasma treatment resulted in the formation of obvious etch dot and flute on fibers of nonwovens, thus the sputtered silver particles were hard to cluster, leading to the increased activity of nanostructured silver on films, which contributes to the improved antibacterial performance. Moreover, after plasma pretreatment, the overall amount of silver particles deposited on nonwovens increased, resulting in the improved antibacterial properties.Under the same deposition conditions, there were differences in antibacterial performance between the coated PP and PLA nonwovens, which were caused by the roughness and hydrophilicity difference between the materials.更多还原