【作者】 张忠；

【导师】 徐汀荣；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 计算机应用， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 当今，科学技术正处于多学科相互交叉和融合的时代，特别是计算机科学与技术的迅速发展，从根本上改变了人类的生产和生活。同时，随着人类生存空间的扩大以及认识与改造世界范围的拓展，人们对科学技术提出了新的和更高的要求，其中对高效的优化技术和智能计算的要求日益迫切。以神经网络、遗传算法等为代表的智能算法在各种工程领域的成功应用，激励人们从更广泛的生物或自然现象寻求启发以构造新的智能算法，来解决工程中广泛存在的复杂问题。作为新加入这个行列的蚁群算法(Ant Colony Optimization, ACO)，为复杂困难的系统优化问题提供了新的具有竞争力的求解算法。虽然蚁群算法的研究刚刚起步，但是这些初步研究已显示出蚁群算法在求解复杂问题，特别是离散优化问题方面的优越性，它是一种很有发展前景的方法。时间表问题(Timetabling Problem, TTP)属于一类特殊的调度问题，是NP-难问题，用以解决一系列事件对时间和空间资源争夺而引起的冲突，在现实世界中有着巨大的应用价值。其中课程表的编排是时间表问题的典型应用，大多数对时间表问题的研究都是在课程时间表问题的基础上进行的。随着学校招生规模的扩大和办公信息化程度的提高，课程表自动生成已经成为越来越多学校的需求，先后产生了采用不同方法的自动排课系统。然而在实际中，教学规律对课程表编排的合理性要求，以及学校或教师对课程表编排的约束性要求又是大家共同关注的焦点。本文在对课程表问题概念模型和数学模型研究的基础上，提出了利用蚁群算法求解时间表问题的思路，并设计开发了蚂蚁排课系统。通过实验，证明了蚁群算法求解时间表问题的有效性，经过一定数量蚂蚁的优化过程，课程表编排的合理性得到了提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, technology is lying in the times of the crossing of the multi science.Especially with the rapid development of the computer’s science and technology, it hasradically changed manufacture and lives of human being. At the same time, as the livingspace of human being explores and the ranges of cognizing and altering; the world extends,people are greatly requiring new and advanced technology, particularly in great need ofefficient optimization technology and intelligent calculation. Intelligent algorithm, such asNeural Network and Genetic Algorithm, applies successfully in the all kinds of engineeringfields, which stimulates people to search for enlighten to construct the new intelligentalgorithm from the biologic and natural phenomenon and to solve the problems widelyexisting in the engineering. As the Ant Colony Optimization, ACO, it affords thecompetitive algorithm for the optimizing of system. Although at the beginning of ACO, ithas shown the superiority of solving the complicated questions, especially in the dispersingoptimizing of system. It is the means of perspective.The Timetabling Problem, is a NP-hard problem, belongs to the special schedulingproblems, which can deal with the conflict caused by scrabbling for time and spaceresource. It has great applying importance in reality. Among them, the: course table is thetypical application for Timetabling Problem. Most of problems are on the base of thecourse table. With the developing of college’s recruiting and office’s automatization, theautomatism of course table is in great need of many colleges. They have applied manyways to the automatism of course table. However, in reality, we all focus on the rationalityof teaching disciplinarian and restriction to the colleges and teachers. This article bringsforward the new ideas of course table in the use of ACO, and develops the Ant Tabling System, named ATS, on the base of concept model and math model. Through tests, it hasbeen proved effective that ACO is used in the course table. Through the process of usingACO, the rationality of course table has been improved.更多还原