【作者】 张岚；

【导师】 王振亚；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文旨在通过政治和谐这一视角来分析权力关系。关于政治和谐的探讨，学术界已展开了激烈的讨论，主要集中从政治系统、政治关系、价值分析等角度界定政治和谐，将政治和谐作为一个分析视角的文章可谓凤毛麟角，本文正是沿着这一思路展开论述。文章共分三个部分：第一部分，对政治和谐的基本特点作以简单分析。政治和谐作为政治学研究的一个新范畴，不仅是社会成员利益关系的协调状态，而且涵盖了社会政治生活的方方面面，是社会多元化趋势和格局下的政治正义状态，它以公平作为首要的价值选择；以社会主义政治文化和社会公共精神为其文化基础，以政治法制化为其制度保障。在这种政治正义状态下，各种政治主体及社会成员彼此之间的利益冲突相对缓和，利益差距渐趋缩小，政治认同趋同一致，社会政治生活协调，稳定，笔者认为，政治和谐具体包括政治关系的和谐、政治秩序的和谐、政治氛围的和谐三方面内容。政治关系的和谐是政治和谐的重要内容，和谐的政治关系不仅指政治系统内权力主体与权力客体在权力运作过程中呈现出的一种良性互动关系，同时也包括政治系统与社会其他系统之间关系的协调，如政治系统适应和促进经济、文化、等其他社会系统良性发展所呈现出来的稳定有序状态；和谐的政治秩序表现为民主政治参与的有序性、国家治理的有序性、民主权利保障的有效性；和谐的政治氛围主要指政治权力行使者的政府官员具有良好的政治素质和人格素质，政权行使者与人民群众的通力合作。第二部分，论述了政治和谐视阈中权力关系的价值分析。在对政治和谐作了基本分析后，本文还将权力及权力关系的基本概念进行了梳理，在价值分析层面，论述了权力关系的存在方式由武力、操纵转变为说服、权威，这一转变过程也是形成“多元良序”的过程，在这种多元良序下，权力关系呈现出协调性、共适性的特征；权力关系的价值形态，表现为权力配置、运行和进行利益协调的平等、民主、正义；权力关系体现的合法性基础，由以权力意志为基础的经验性合法性转变为以价值认同为基础的规范性合法性。第三部分，阐述了政治和谐视阈中权力关系的结构分析。在结构分析层面，介绍了权力关系结构的涵义、类型，同时，对我国建国前到当前的权力关系结构的演变进行梳理，并指出政治和谐视野下权力关系结构的现代性重构——权力关系结构的二元化重构。这种新的权力关系模式，决定了权力关系结构必定呈现出新的特征，文中着重从权力关系结构层次性和整合性、“边缘变动性”及“双向性”等方面展开论述。第四部分，从动态博弈角度分析了权力关系。在动态博弈分析层面，主要对博弈理论作了简单介绍，并论证了“博弈论”对政治学研究的意义及“博弈论”与政治和谐的关系问题。从“博弈论”这一角度看，权力关系呈现出一种从零和博弈向正和博弈转化的趋势，在这一趋势下，权力关系的主客体也相应发生变化，主要表现为从单一主体向多元化主体过渡，本文主要选择了国家与社会、中央与地方两对关系，对权力关系主客体变化进行分析论证，在这一基础上，简单归纳了权力博弈的一般规律，即从“零和博弈”到“正和博弈”，从“单向一维性”到“互动多维性”的转变，最后，文章分析了从“零和博弈”走向“正和博弈”这一政治和谐的基本诉求。更多还原

【Abstract】 A new category that studies as political science that politics isharmonious, is not merely a coordination state of the social member’s interests relation,and has contained every aspect of the social political life, it is the political just stateunder social pluralistic trend and pattern, under such political just state, various politicalsubjects and social member’s interests conflicts between each other are relaxedrelatively, interests disparity dwindles gradually, politics admits convergently thatidentical, the social political life is coordinated, steady, I think, politics includes threerespect contents of harmony of the harmonious, political atmosphere of the harmonious,political order of the political relation harmoniously specifically.The harmonious political relation is the important content of the harmoniouspolitics, the harmonious political relation not merely means a kind of benigninterdynamic relation that the power main body and power object demonstrate in poweroperation in political system, include the coordination of the relation between politicalsystem and social other systems at the same time, it is if political system meet and notpromote economy, culture, etc, benign development stability states ordered that comeout appeareds systematics socials other; Harmonious political order show as in ordernature, in order nature, validity that democratic rights ensure that country control thatdemocratic politics participate in; The harmonious political atmosphere mainly meansthe government official of the person who exercises political rights must have goodpolitical caliber and personality quality, cooperation with the people of person whoexercises regime.This text make politics harmonious as one new analysis visual angle, basiccharacteristic harmonious to politics do simple analysis too, by regarding fairly asprimary value choice; Regard socialist political culture and social public spirit as itscultural foundation, turn its guarantee of system with political legal systemAfter doing basic analysis to politics harmoniously, this text has also combed thebasic conception of power and power relation, attempt to make the power relation ofanalysis in the analysis visual angle with harmonious politics. This text analyzes andplays chess and analyzes from the value analysis, structure of the power relation threeaspects describe the power relation dynamically. Analyze the aspect in value, has described the existing way of the power relation from the military force, handled andchanged into persuading, authority, course of this transition forms the course of "pluralgood preface" too, under such plural good preface, the power relation demonstratesharmony, altogether right characteristic; The form of value of the power relation, isshown as power disposes, operates and carries on equality of the interests coordination,democratic, justice; The legitimacy foundation that the power relation reflects, ischanged into recognizing the regulatory legitimacy as foundation with value from theexperience legitimacy based on power will.Analyze the aspect in the structure, has introduced the meaning, type of power withstructural relation, meanwhile, arrive present power relation development of structurecomb before the foundation of the state our country, point out the modernity of makingpower with structural relation of political harmonious visual field is reconstructed—Thedualization of power with structural relation reconstructs. Like this new power relationmode, it is determined that the relation structure of power must demonstrate the newcharacteristic, focus on and launch the argumentation from respects such as structurallevel and combining, "edge change", "two-way" of the power relation,etc, in thearticle.Play chess and analyze the aspect dynamically, this text has mainly done the simpleintroduction to the theory of playing chess, have proved meaning, "game theory" andrelation problem with harmonious politics in which "game theory" studies aboutpolitical science. By the look of "game theory", this angle, power relation demonstrateone from zero and play chess to play chess trend transformed, under this trend, the mainobject of the power relation changes correspondingly too, mainly shown as and carriedout the transition from single subject to the pluralistic subject, this text has mainlychosen the country and two pairs of relations between society, central authorities andlocality, analyze to the main object change of power relation that proves, on the basis ofthis, sum up universal law that power play chess briefly, until "whether zero with playchess" to "play chess", from "one-way one dimension" transition in "interdynamicmultidimension", finally, article analyze from "zero and play chess," move towards"and play chess" this politics harmonious basic demand.更多还原