【作者】 孔无屏；

【导师】 王博；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 应用化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 在环境日益受到人为严重破坏的条件下，环境污染治理便成为了人类迫切需要解决的一个根本问题，也成为了当前科学研究的一大热点。近年来，用电化学方法来进行水污染处理成为了一种水污染控制的新方法，本论文就是以新兴的催化电极为基础的三维电极对废水进行处理的研究。论文的第一部分对水环境污染治理所使用物理法、化学法、物化法及生物法进行了简要介绍，然后对电化学的各种方法进行了综述，同时着重介绍了三维电极法及其在废水处理中的应用，以及稳定阳极(Dimensional Stable Anode, DSA)的研究进展。并在此基础上，提出了本课题的研究内容和工作。论文的第二部分首先介绍了用热重(TG)分析方法和X射线衍射(XRD)分析方法分别对DSA电极材料的热分解性能和组成成分进行了分析，对不同温度条件下制备的DSA电极的中间层和表层的组分进行了扫描电镜(SEM)分析，同时，对不同温度表层的DSA电极的电化学特性进行了循环伏安分析，结果表明DSA电极中间层和表层涂层的最低制备温度是650℃。通过扫描电镜分析可知，550℃的中间层结构非常致密，650℃的中间层较致密，而750℃和850℃则比较疏松。600℃的表层的孔隙和凹槽较少，而700℃表层有比较多的絮状结构，分布较均匀，且有较多的空穴和凹凸结构。而800℃表层则有大量葡萄状团聚的晶粒，晶粒粒径大小不一，且分布不均，这种结构只有少许孔隙和凹槽。通过循环伏安分析表明700℃表层电极的析氧电位最高。最后介绍了在不同温度条件下制备的中间层和外层对DSA电极的寿命和催化性能的影响。结果表明，在650℃下的中间层和700℃的表层DSA电极的寿命时间是最长的，而对于废水的COD的去除率即电极的电催化性能也是最好的。论文的第三部分介绍了在最佳温度条件下制备的中间层和表层的DSA电极作为阳极，以石墨电极作为阴极，用活性炭在电场的作用下作为粒子电极，两者联合起来在电解槽中处理阴离子表面活性剂废水和模拟麦草废水的过程。并计算了电化学降解处理过程中通过电解槽溶液中的电流效率，电化学过程中的电化学氧化指数以及所消耗的能量。同时，研究了溶液的pH值和通过电解槽溶液的电流密度对电解过程的影响。论文的最后探讨了含DSA电极的三维电极在电化学处理废水溶液的过程中的整个体系的机理，以及对上述两种废水的降解过程进行了一级动力学方程模拟。本课题制备了一种复合中间层的电催化DSA电极，其稳定性和催化性都较为理想，并与活性炭联合起来对废水进行电化学降解，取得了较好的效果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Environmental disturbance is increasingly severe as a result of humanbeings’ distruction. And it is urgent that environmental pollution problems are solved.So they also become one of the hot focuses in the scientific research fields. In the recentyears, the utility of electrochemical oxidation for wastewater treatment has become anew method. This paper is referred to disposal of wastewater through three-dimensionalelectrodes based on the catalytic electrode.In the first Part of the dissertation, the fundamental knowledge of treatment onaquatic environmental contamination by physical method, chemical means,physics-chemical way and biological way was brieflYintroduced. Then, it was reviewedthat many kinds of electrochemical processes were used on the wastewater treatment,especially it was emphasized that three-dimensional electrodes and Dimensional StableAnode (DSA) electrode were applied on disposal of wastewater. The content of thissubject study was presented on the basis of studies.The second part of this dissertation presents TG and XRD analysis about DSAelectrode material components. These DSA electrode interlayers and outerlayersprepared on different temperature were characterized by scanning electron micrograph(SEM), and their electrochemical properties were analysed by cyclic voltammetricinstrument. The results show that the lowest temperature of DSA interlayer andouterlayer preparation is 650℃. Through SEM analysis, interlayer prepared on 550℃isquite compact. Interlayer prepared on 650℃is less compact, and 750℃and 850℃,loose. There is few porous structure and flute on the outlayer prepared on 600℃. Theflocculent and porous structures which distribute evenly appear on outlayer prepared on700℃. But there are racemose crystal particles distributed unevenly whose diameter isvarious on the outlayer prepared on 800℃. Through cyclic voltammetric analysis,oxygen evolution potential at DSA anode prepared on 700℃is highest. At last, it waspresented that interlayers and outerlayers prepared under the different temperaturesinfluence DSA electrode’ lifetime and catalysis property. The results show that thelifetime and the catalysis of DSA anode with the interlayer under 650℃and the outerlayer under 700℃were best.The third part of this dissertation introduces electrochemical degradation processesin which sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate (DBS) anionic surfactants and syntheticpaper mill wastewater were treated combining DSA electrode as anode and graphiteelectrode as cathode with active carbon particles serving as particle electrodes under theinfluence of electric field. Instantaneous current efficiency (ICE), electrochemicaloxidation index (EOI) and energy consumption was calculated in the electrolysisprocesses. And pH and current density’s influences on the whole system were studied.At last, the working mechanism about the three dimensional electrodes with DSA anodewas illustrated, and the treatment processes were simulated with first pseudo-first orderkinetic equations.In the research, an electro-catalytic DSA electrode with complex interlayer wasprepared. Its stability and catalysis are satisfied, and better effect is achieved when it iscombined with active carbon.更多还原