分散聚合制备改性聚丙烯酰胺

【作者】 边晖；

【导师】 王风云；

【作者基本信息】 南京理工大学 ， 应用化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 用分散聚合法制备出两种改性聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）：丙烯酰胺（AM）-丙烯酸（AA）共聚物与AM-二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（DMDAAC）共聚物，考察不同参数诸如：引发剂种类及浓度、反应温度、反应时间、分散介质组成等对聚合产物特性粘数、表观粘度及固含量的影响。用红外光谱仪、激光纳米粒度仪和透射电镜对产物的结构性质进行了分析。以高岭土悬浮液为模拟废水，对制得的改性PAM进行絮凝性能评定。采用过硫酸钾（KPS）-亚硫酸氢钠（SHS）氧化还原引发体系制备AM-AA共聚物，在引发剂KPS-SHS浓度为单体质量的0.20％与0.20％、反应温度50℃、反应时间5h时，制得的AM-AA共聚物相对分子质量较高、分散性稳定、粒径较均匀。通过对其分散聚合稳定机理初步研究，认为该体系存在接枝共聚物稳定机理；采用水溶性偶氮类2，2’-偶氮（2-亚胺丙烷）盐(V₅₀)制备AM-DMDAAC共聚物，在引发剂V₅₀浓度为单体质量的1.25％、混合溶剂中乙醇体积百分含量为20％、反应温度50℃、反应时间3h时，制得的AM-DMDAAC共聚物相对分子质量较高、分散性稳定、粒径分布范围较宽。在处理高岭土模拟废水时，将自制改性PAM与聚合氯化铝复配使用能取得不错的效果。自制改性PAM与所选商品PAM相比，虽然在沉降速度上有一定的差距，但优点是絮凝范围很宽，对于将来应用于复杂且多变的处理体系很有利。更多还原

【Abstract】 Two kinds of modified PAM have been prepared. They were AM-AA copolymer andAM-DMDAAC copolymer. Different polymerization parameters were inspected for thepurpose of making the copolymer with higher molecular weigh and more stable dispersion.The structure propertys of the copolymers were analysed by IR, TEM and laser particlesize instrument. The flocculation efficiency of the modified PAM was inspected byflocculation experiment.When the concentration of initiator KPS-SHS was 0.20%-0.20% for the monomerquality, the reaction temperature was 50℃and the reaction time was 5h, the AM-AAcopolymer with higher molecular weigh, more stable dispersion, and more symmetricalgrain-size was produced. It is found that graft stabilization mechanism was existed in thissystem through the study on the stabilization mechanism of dispersion polymerization.When the concentration of initiator V₅₀ was 1.25% for the monomer quality, the volume ofethanol was 20% for the component solvent, the reaction temperature was 50℃, and thereaction time was 3h, the AM-DMDAAC copolymer with higher molecular weigh, morestable dispersion, and wider scope of grain-size distribution was produced.The modified PAM as the fiocculant used along with inorganic flocculant PAC, hadgood flocculation effect. By comparing with commercial PAM, the insufficiency ofself-made modified PAM was slower sedimentation rate, and the strongpoint was widerflocculation scope. It was advantageous to use it to complex and changeable system.更多还原