【作者】 孙仁乔；

【导师】 马万太；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 喷射沉积技术是制备快速凝固高性能材料的新型金属近成形技术,沉积坯件具有成分均匀、组织细化、致密度高、含氧量低、偏析程度小等特征。该技术在欧美、日本等国家已经进入工业化生产阶段,国内对该技术的研究基本还处于实验室材料研究或中试阶段,对喷射沉积自动控制及智能控制方面的研究已经展开,但离工业化生产尚有一段距离。本文对喷射沉积制备大规格管坯工业化生产特点进行了分析,研究了喷射沉积管坯设备的构造及其工作原理,构建了由系统管理层、控制层、设备层组成的三层递阶控制结构。针对喷射沉积的工艺要求,结合项目特点,对喷射沉积控制系统进行了配置,完成了相关控制程序和组态监控程序的设计、开发和调试。研究了基于PID算法的漏包移液和液位精确控制结构和方法,建立了漏包液位控制系统的仿真模型;针对PID控制策略,研究了自适应遗传算法,即基于模糊逻辑的遗传算法的PID控制参数整定方法,并通过Matlab平台仿真优化得出PID的控制参数。研究结论应用在实际液位控制系统中,得到了很好的验证,生产现场采集数据表明,PID调节时间约为30秒,换包过程中最大波动量不超过10毫米,稳态误差为±3毫米,系统的响应较快、超调小、液位稳定并具有较高的控制精度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Spray deposition is a new kind of near-net shape metal forming technology which is used to manufacture rapid solidification advanced materials with the characteristics of uniform composition, high density, low oxygen tension and small degree of segregation. This technology has been coming into industrial scale production in Europe, American and Japan, while domestic research in spray deposition technology is still basically staying at a laboratory or experimental stage. Domestic research in automatic control and intelligent control of spray deposition process has already been launched, but there is still a certain distance to industrial scale production.The characteristics of utilizing spray deposition technology to manufacture large dimension tubular product was analyzed in the present thesis, the structure of spray deposition device of tubular preform and its main operational principle were studied on, and the three layer hierarchical control structure consist of the management system layer, control system layer, and field device layer was constructed. To meet the demands of the technics of the Spray Deposition, the configuration of the control system of the Spray Deposition was provided, and the design, development and debug of the control program and the monitor program were finished.The structure and control strategy of the exactly level control based on PID method were put forward in the thesis, the detailed mathematical model of the tundish level control system was established. The self-adaptive genetic algorithm, which based on the fuzzy logic, is studied to optimize the PID parameters based on the platform MATLAB.The result of the research has been applied in the real control system and has good performance. According to the data collected from the field, the time of PID regulating is about 30 seconds, level undulating quantity is less than 10 millimeters, steady state error is±3 millimeters. The system is characterized with fast response, small overshoot, steady level and good control precise.更多还原