【作者】 李建萍；

【导师】 姚正军；

【作者基本信息】 南京航空航天大学 ， 材料学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 塑料工业突飞猛进的发展,不可避免的产生越来越多的废旧塑料。传统的处理方法既浪费资源,又污染环境。因此,如何处理这些塑料废弃物已成为当今世界范围内一个亟需研究的课题。天然植物纤维材料是自然界中资源最丰富的天然高分子材料,其物理性能与无机纤维相近,而且具有突出的生物降解和可再生的优点,是其它任何增强材料无法比拟的,因而具有广阔的发展前景。本课题就是在此背景下,通过查阅文献、实地调研确定了本课题的研究目标和研究内容。首先对植物纤维进行了NaOH碱法预处理,通过微观形貌的观察与力学性能的检测,确定了其最佳的预处理方案;运用预处理的植物纤维,探索了包括纤维含量、保温温度、保温时间、成型压力等工艺参数的植物纤维增强聚丙烯复合板材的理想成型工艺;最后利用前期已探索出的复合板材制备工艺,开展了植物纤维废旧塑料复合板材的具体研制工作。通过研究,最终开发出了一种新型植物纤维增强废旧塑料复合板材的配方和成型工艺:废PP:纯PP=4:1(质量配)、25wt%植物纤维、约4 %的MAH-g-PP、约1%的KH-550偶联剂;保温温度180℃、保温时间3小时、成型压力2MPa。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of the plastic industry rapidly, more and more waste plastics are produced inevitably. Traditional processing methods not only take more wastes, but also pollute environment. Therefore, how to process these waste plastics has become the task which must be urgently studied in the world. The natural vegetable fiber materials are the richest natural polymer materials. Besides their physical performances are close to the inorganic textile fiber, they have the most prominent biodegradable and renewable merits than reinforced fibers. So they have a broad development prospect.Under the background, through referring to more references and investigating, the work’s research aims and contents were decided. Firstly, the vegetable fibers were pretreated by NaOH solution, and through the micro morphology observation and mechanical properties testing, the best pretreatment method was determined. Secondly, using the vegetable fibers of pretreatment, the ideal vegetable fiber-reinforced composites forming technology, which includes the fiber concentration , the isothermal temperature, the heating time and molding pressure, had been explored. Finally, based on the composites sheet forming technology developed early, the composition of the vegetable fiber reinforced waste plastic composites sheet was studied. Through above researches, the formulation and molding technique of a new kind of the vegetable fiber reinforced waste plastic composites sheet were developed. The former results are that the quantity proportion between pure and waste PP is 1:4, the content of vegetable fiber is 25%, MAH-g-PP’s content is 4%, and KH-550 is added by 1%. The later is that 180℃isothermal temperature, 3 hours heating time and 2MPa molding pressure.更多还原