【作者】 于晓然；

【导师】 刘剑飞；

【作者基本信息】 河北工业大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 自动抄表技术是将数据自动采集、传输和处理应用于自来水、电力、天然气供应与管理系统中的一项新技术,它从根本上克服了传统的人工抄表模式的弊端。随着无线通信技术的发展,将通用分组无线业务(GPRS)引入到自动抄表系统中,是一个非常新的思路,将成为发展热点与方向。本文在总结目前自动抄表技术的基础上,针对GPRS在无线数据传输方面的应用,提出了一种基于GPRS技术的复合式自动抄表方案。该方案底层通信采用RS-485总线方式,上层通信利用GPRS的Internet接入功能,在Internet上设置一个中心服务器,负责与GPRS终端设备的通信,实现数据的实时采集和传输。论文主要研究了该系统的关键部分——基于GPRS的自动抄表数据终端设备的硬件和软件设计。抄表数据终端的硬件实现包括微控制器与GPRS模块的接口和外围电路设计。其中,微控制器选用MSP430F149超低功耗单片机,GPRS模块采用西门子公司的MC39i无铅环保型模块。该终端硬件结构简洁,系统功耗低,运行稳定可靠。在软件设计方面,研究和分析了GPRS技术的主要国际协议,提出了精简的嵌入式TCP/IP协议栈;提出了精简实现PPP连接的软件设计方法;比较分析了传输层的TCP与UDP协议的传输效率与系统需求,对于单片机系统来说,系统采用UDP协议比较好;应用层采用用户自定义协议,在数据传输中采用“数据中加入序号字节”以及“应答确认”等机制,可以很好地保证数据传输的可靠性。本文所研究的自动抄表数据传输系统可以满足电力系统应用的需求,而且它还可以用在其它的远程无线监控系统中,具有广阔的应用前景,会带来较好的经济和社会效益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) is a new technology in the supply and management of water, power, and gas. The disadvantage of traditional manual meter reading system can be overcome, such as lower efficiency and so on. Meanwhile, with the development of General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) technology, which is introduced into the AMR system is a new idea and will become a trend.In this paper, a new automatic meter reading system based on GPRS is presented. The system is based on the analysis of AMR technology and to meet the application of GPRS in wireless data transfer system. The lower layer is adopt RS-485 bus topology, upper layer utilizes direct connection between GPRS and Internet, setting a center server in Internet to take charge of data communication with GPRS terminal equipment for real-time data acquisition and transfer.The hardware and software design of data terminal equipment with GPRS is researched in this paper, which is the key technology of the system. The hardware design of data terminal equipment is interface and supporting circuit design of the micro-controller and GPRS module. MSP430F149 is selected as the MCU of this platform, Siemens MC39i lead-free module is chosen as the GPRS module. The equipment is compact,reliable and steady. As to the software project, firstly, many international protocols of GPRS are researched and the reduced TCP/IP protocol of this system is proposed. Secondly, Point-to point protocol is researched and reduced PPP programming scheme is given. Thirdly, compared the transmission layer protocol UDP with TCP in the transport efficiency and system requirement, for the single chip system, UDP is preferred in our system. Lastly, the user-defined protocol in application layer is proposed, by adding the number byte in data frame and adopting the scheme of response to assure the reliability in data transmission.The AMR system proposed in this paper can be used in power meter system and other wireless transfer applications. It can find wide applications and acquire great economic and social benefits.更多还原