【作者】 任远；

【导师】 祖元刚； 赵修华；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 植物学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 铜和汞的离子是污染水体主要的两种重金属离子．本文主要研究了产朊假丝酵母对水中的铜离子和汞离子的生物吸附效果，通过实验确定并建立了Langmuir和Freundlich两个生物吸附模型。确定了影响吸附效率的几个主要的因素，包括含有铜离子或汞离子水溶液的pH值；生物吸附加入酵母的最适浓度；含铜离子或汞离子的水溶液的最适浓度；最佳的吸附时间。结果为最佳吸附条件为Cu²⁺：pH=4.54～5.04，[酵母]：[Cu²⁺]=60：1；Hg²⁺：pH=2.96～3.48，[酵母]：[Hg²⁺]=40：1．在确定了这几种主要因素的基础上，对比研究了负压空化方法对吸附的强化作用。本文还利用紫外可见光分光光度计、激光共聚焦显微镜等仪器，从分子水平研究讨论了吸附前后酵母细胞内外的铜离子或汞离子的分布情况，吸附前后酵母细胞内部pH值的变化，吸附前后酵母细胞表面的微观变化．得出了生物吸附的过程主要分为两个步骤，首先是一个快过程，然后是一个慢过程；并发现在常压下摇床吸附的酵母Cu²⁺或Hg²⁺主要分布在细胞外，细胞内部基本没有．而负压空化吸附的Cu²⁺或Hg²⁺在酵母的细胞内外均存在．并且随着吸附的进行，酵母细胞内pH值随吸附时间的增加而有所升高，由酸性变为弱碱性并且．随着吸附率的增大，其对应的细胞内pH值的增量也相应增大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Cu²⁺ and Hg²⁺ are the impotent two kinds of heavy metals ion in polluted the water. This article mainly studied the biological adsorption effect of Candida Utilis to the Cu²⁺ and Hg²⁺ in water, through the experiment we determined and established two biosorption models---Langmuir and the Freundlich. Has determined several primary factors for the influence adsorption efficiency, Including the water pH of water which includes the Cu²⁺ and Hg²⁺; The most suitable density of Candida Utilis; The most suitable density of water; And the best adsorption time. The research demonstrated: the best adsorption condition is Cu²⁺:pH=4.54～5.04, [Candidauti]:[Cu²⁺] = 60:1; Hg²⁺:pH=2.96～3.48, [Candidauti]:[Hg²⁺] = 40:1. After determined these kinds of primary factors, we has contrast studied the strengthen function of the the vacuum cavitations for biosorption.This article also used some Instruments such as spectrophotometer and laser focusing microscope, from molecular level discussed the Cu²⁺ Or Hg²⁺ distributed situation around adsorption inside and outside yeast cell, the pH change of inside cell around adsorption, and the microscopic change of Candidauti surface around adsorption. Obtained the biological adsorption process mainly to divide into two steps, first was a quick process, then was a slow process; Under the concurrent present atmospheric pressure, the yeast Cu²⁺ or Hg²⁺ which Adsorption by table mainly distribute in the extra cellular, the cell internal is not basic. But the vacuum cavitations adsorption Cu²⁺ or Hg²⁺ exist inside and outside yeast’s cell. And along with adsorption carrying on, in the yeast cell the pH has along with the adsorption time increase elevates, Becomes the weak basicity by the acidity. And along with adsorption rate increasing, The pH of its cell has also increased.更多还原