【作者】 郭永长；

【导师】 周玉华；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 环境与资源保护法学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着环境污染的日益加剧和生态环境遭受愈来愈严重的破坏，人们已逐渐意识到各类经济实体组织，尤其是公司对环境问题负有不可推卸的义务与责任。公司既是民商法中的一种私法主体，在环境行政管理中又是非常普遍而重要的环境行政相对人，为解决环境问题，解除环境权私权化的困惑，扭转环境行政管理低效的局面，减少我国公司环境义务的立法问题，深入研究公司环境义务问题尤为必要，通过采取为公司架构严格而完备的环境义务这一方法来达到保护环境的终极目标。本文分析了公司环境义务范畴，认为公司环境义务是对公司绝对营利性的一种修正，是公司社会义务之一，探讨了公司环境义务的价值、类型及其与公司环境责任的关系。公司承担环境义务具有合理性，其现实基础表现在公司环境义务与公司营利目标的互动关系、我国环境法“义务重心”的实然和应然、外国和国际组织有关公司环境义务的实践做法；其理论基础包括公司社会责任理论、走出传统“人类中心主义”的环境伦理基础和外部性理论基础。本文主要从公法性公司环境义务与私法性公司环境义务角度探讨了我国公司环境义务的具体架构，将公法性公司环境义务架构为环境有害预防、环境有害控制、清洁生产、环境信息报告、接受环保核查等义务，将私法性公司环境义务架构为环境信息披露和环境安全注意义务，并从环境基本法、单行环境法和公司法的角度提出了公司环境义务的立法模式。公司承担环境义务的理念会对现行法律制度产生一定的冲击，这就需要对环境法、环境行政法和民商法进行相应的革新。最后，本文认为我们需要理性地为“环境权”祛魅，而从“环境义务”的角度来探讨环境法理论与实践，以提高环境法的实效。无论是自然人还是公司类的组织，都要秉持这样一种理念：义务不是法律上不利益的负担，而是实现权利与法益的手段，为义务而斗争是对他人权利的尊重和获得他人对自己权利的尊重。更多还原

【Abstract】 The environmental pollution is aggravating increasingly and the ecological environment is being disrupted more and more seriously. People have gradually realized that each kind of economic entity organization, in particular the corporation has the duty and responsibility for the environmental questions which cannot be shirked. The corporation not only is one kind of private law subject in the civil and commercial law, but also is very universal and important environment administration opposite party in the environment administration. In order to resolve the environmental problems, and relieve the baffle which the environmental right is stipulated as private right, and reverse the phase of environment administration’s low efficiency, and reduce the legislative questions of environmental duty of corporation in China, it is especially essential to study the question concerning the environmental duty of corporation. By stipulating the strict and complete environmental duty for the corporation, we will achieve the ultimate objective of environmental protection. This thesis analyzed the category about the environmental duty of corporation. The thesis considers that the environmental duty of corporation is the amendment to the absolute commercial purpose of corporation and one kind of social duties of corporation. The thesis discussed the value and type of environmental duty of corporation, and the relations with the environmental liability of corporation. It has the rationality of realistic foundations and theoretical foundations that the corporation should undertake the environmental duty. The realistic foundations represent three aspects. The first is the interacting relations between the environmental duty of corporation and the profit objective of corporation. The second is the condition as it is and the condition as it ought to be that Chinese environmental law mainly centers on the duty regulation. The third is the foreign country and international organization’s legislative practice related to the environmental duty of corporation. The theoretical foundations include the theory of corporation’s social responsibility, and the theory of environmental ethics which is different from the traditional doctrine that human is the center among all living beings in the earth, and the theory of externality. The thesis discussed the concrete construction of Chinese environmental duty of corporation from environmental duty of corporation belonging to the public law and environmental duty of corporation belonging to the private law aspect. It put forward the legislative pattern of environmental duty of corporation from fundamental environmental law, separate environmental law and corporation law aspect. It divided the environmental duty of corporation belonging to the public law into the duty of preventing harm to environment, the duty of controlling harm to environment, the duty of clean production, the duty of reporting environment information, the duty of accepting investigation on environmental protection and so on. It divided the environmental duty of corporation belonging to the private law into the duty of disclosing environmental information and the duty of attending to environmental safety. The conception of environmental duty of corporation will impact on the present legal system, so we need the corresponding innovation in the environmental law, the environment administrative law and the civil and commercial law. At last, the thesis considers that we should rationally eliminate the deification on the environmental right and should discuss the theory and practice of environmental law from the aspect of environmental duty, which is to improve the effect of environmental law. Whether natural person or organizations such as corporation should insist on the conception that the duty isn’t the burden of legal non-interest, but is a kind of method to realize the rights and legal interests, and that struggling for the duty is to show the respect for other people’s right and obtain other people’ respect for own right.更多还原