【作者】 彭渊；

【导师】 岳金权；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 林产化学加工工程， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 由发泡塑料餐饮具等造成的“白色污染”问题一直是长期以来困扰我国乃至世界的重要环境问题之一。随着一次性可降解餐饮具的出现，这一问题从技术上已经得到了解决。但其中应用最广的纸浆模塑餐饮具，存在成本过高，以及制浆过程纤维被氯、硫等化学药品污染、成浆质量针对性不强等问题，限制了这一技术的推广。本文以GTI防油防水助剂为依托，研究了竹材ECMP生产模塑餐盒专用浆的可行性。研究过程采用仪器分析、化学分析、制浆造纸专用分析、餐饮具专用分析和数理统计分析等研究方法，对GTI助剂的防油防水机理、模塑餐盒专用浆的使用功能、不同植物纤维原料和制浆方法对成盒质量及经济性的影响、竹材ECMP浸渍和打浆工艺条件的优化、抄盒工艺条件的优化等问题进行了探讨；同时对制浆过程中废水的产生位置及污染负荷进行了测定，并提出处理方案；最后针对研究结果提出工业化设计思路，并完成模拟工业化试验。实验结果表明：建立在GTI助剂基础上，模塑餐盒专用浆宜采用高得率浆中的ECMP制浆方法，以廉价速生的竹为原料；浸渍药品选用NaOH，浸渍用碱量8％，常压浸渍；脱色选用H₂O₂，脱色用药量3％，利用双辊磨多功能的特点磨浆后高浓脱色；打浆采用以纤维分丝帚化为主要目的的粘状打浆，高浓低比压；抄盒过程纤维加入量为成盒重量的65％，GTI助剂加入量为纤维重量的70％，实验室条件下打浆浓度1.0％，打浆后纤维湿重4.5g；制浆废水经生化处理可达标排放；模拟工业化试验制备的成盒，其主要性能检测满足国家标准要求。本研究制得的模塑餐盒专用浆具有成浆质量针对性强、生产流程简单、全程常压操作、无氯无硫、污染负荷低并可处理、经济性好等特点。以竹材为原料，采用ECMP制浆方法生产模塑餐盒专用浆，不论从技术角度、经济角度还是环境角度都是可行的。本研究的完成，将从一定意义上解决一次性可降解餐饮具环保性与经济性矛盾的问题，为可降解餐饮具取代发泡塑料餐饮具，从根本上解决“白色污染”问题探索出一条新的出路。更多还原

【Abstract】 White pollution caused by plastic foaming dishware has caused great concern of the world.The appearance of one-off dishware indicates a possible solution of this problem, however, thepaper plastic-model dishware have some problems just as environmental pollution made ofchemical and low quality, its wide application has limited greatly.In the present work, based on the oil-anti and water-anti performance, the feasibility ofbamboo pulp for plastic-model dishware making was investigated. Based on the result ofcharacterization, chemical analysis, economical analysis and orthogonal static, mechanism ofGTI additive for water and oil anti was drawn, the character of pulp for plastic-model dishwareEffect of materials, pulp methods, impregnation of bamboo ECMP, pulp-making condition,dishware making condition on the quality and cost of dishware were analyzed. Loading ofwastewater was measured and relative treatment scheme was proposed. Pilot scale experimentwas conducted.Based on the above mentioned works, using GTI as additive, bamboo as material andECMP as pulp method; use NaOH as the impregnant, the charge is 8%, normobaric; use H₂O₂as deeolouriser, the Charge is 3%, with twin screw roller refiner refine, decolour with highconcentration; when beating, the pulp should be high concentration and low beat pressure; thepulp content is 65% of the whole dishware, and the GTI content is 70% of the pulp dosage,the beating pulp density is 1.0%, and the finally wet weight is 4.5g; the Wastewater candischarge with biological treatment; the charcter of dishware made in simulation ofindustrialized experiment fulfills the National Standard. In addition, the obtained pulpexhibited simple, low cost and low pollution advantages, it is feasible for plastic-modeldishware making of both environment and economical consideration.The result of this work may provide a promising solution for the white pollution causedby the traditional one-off dishwares.更多还原