“五四”前后巴蜀文化的现代化

【作者】 陈效亮；

【导师】 谭继和；

【作者基本信息】 四川省社会科学院 ， 专门史， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 自20世纪40年代学术界首提“巴蜀文化”这一概念以来,有关巴蜀文化的研究日益为人们所重视,成为新的热点。巴蜀文化有广义和狭义之分,狭义的巴蜀文化是指先秦巴蜀文化或考古学意义上的巴蜀文化;而广义的巴蜀文化是指生存和发展于长江流域,具有悠久而独立的始源,并具有历史延续性和连续性的文化,本文所探讨的是广义巴蜀文化的近代部分。传统的巴蜀文化到了近代,发生了深刻的质的转化,即现代性转换。其实质是由传统的以农业社会为基础的文化向现代的以工业社会为基础的文化转型。这一转型在巴蜀开始于洋务运动、戊戌变法以后,四川保路运动和辛亥革命时期是这一转型最激烈、最震荡、最深刻的时期。到“五四”新文化运动前后,巴蜀文化的早期现代化达到了新的阶段,出现了新的特征。它是在以下两个背景下进行的:一是巴蜀文化在面临数“千年未有之变局”的形势下,摆脱传统的束缚与桎梏,实现自身的嬗变以迈向现代化;一是西学东渐为巴蜀文化注入了新鲜的血液与活力,从而在西学影响下由原来中国的地方区域文化走向世界多元文化之林。巴蜀地区的新文化运动,对传统的封建文化进行猛烈的冲击,树立了具有时代精神的新文化,加速了巴蜀文化由传统封闭向现代化的转化,为巴蜀文化的现代化打开思想理念上的“天窗”。它是随着外来势力的侵入,社会经济的发展和西方文化的冲击,内部变革求新力量不断增长,传统的巴蜀文化在与西方文化的交流与融会中逐步发生裂变,这是巴蜀文化面对国内动荡的局势下的现实需要,所走出的一条渐进式革新之路。本文通过对巴蜀文化向现代化转化的原因的分析,着重从新式教育、民众生活习俗、思想意识等方面对巴蜀文化现代化的具体表现及其意义加以探讨;通过对“五四”新文化前后巴蜀文化的对比分析,揭示巴蜀文化在这段时间内的发展变化。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the academic field proposed“the Bashu culture”in the 1940s, the research concerning Bashu culture people, become the new hot spot day by day.The Bashu culture is been generalized the narrow sense and the wide sense。The narrow Bashu culture refers to the pre-qin Bashu culture or the archaeological Bashu culture; the generalized Bashu culture refers to the culture which survives and the develops in the Yangtze valley, possesses glorious and independent beginning source and the historical continuity and duration.This article discusses the modern part of the generalized Bashu culture.The traditional Bashu culture has taken place archery target transformation—modernity transformation in the modern times.Its essence is cultural reforming from the traditional culture taking the agricultural society as the foundation to the modern culture takeing the industry society as foundation. This reforming happened after Westernization Movement and Wu Hsu Reform. Sichuan movement of defending the road and the 1911 Revolution is this reforming’s most intense and most profound time. Around May Fourth Movement New Culture Movement, the early modernization of Bashu culture had achieved the new stage, appeared new characteristic. It carried out under the following two backgrounds: One is the Bashu culture got rid of the traditional fetter and shackles and realized its evolution to advance to the modernization in faces the situation“the millennium has not had the change in situation”; One was the introduction of western learning to the east has poured fresh blood and vigor into the Bashu culture, which thus moved towards multicultural forest of the world from the original China’s place region culture under the western learning influence.The Bashu New Culture Movement gave the violent impact to the traditional feudal culture, set up new culture with the spirit of the age, had accelerated the Bashu culture’s transformation from the traditional seal to the modernization, opened“the roof louvre window”in the thought idea for the Bashu culture’smodernization. the traditional Bashu culture had fissions gradually along with the external influence invasion, the social economy development and the Western culture impact, an unceasingly increase of internal transformative strength ,in the exchange and fusion with the Western culture.this is an road of the evolution and innovation which the Bashu culture went out facing the domestic turbulent situation.This article discusses the concrete manifestation and the significance of the Bashu culture modernization, from the new style education, the popular lives emphatically aspects and so on custom, ideology by analyzing the reason why the Bashu culture transformed to the modern; promulgates the Bashu culture’s change during this period of time development by the contrast analysis of the Bashu culture around May Fourth Movement new culture.更多还原