【作者】 李春艳；

【导师】 邓瑞姣；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 护理学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 目的：了解郴州市城区35岁以上居民中不良生活方式及卫生服务需求的分布特征，为开展慢性病社区护理提供科学依据。方法：采用多阶段整群抽样方法，对郴州市城区内35岁以上326位居民的不良生活方式及卫生服务需求进行调查研究。结果：1．吸烟35岁以上居民吸烟率为31.9％。2．饮酒35岁以上居民饮酒率为36.2％。3．饮食习惯10.7％的居民每周≥3天不吃早餐。16.9％的居民主要食用动物油，26.4％的居民喜欢食用咸食，21.8％的居民喜欢食用甜食，24.5％的居民喜欢食用肥肉或油炸食品，16.6％的居民喜欢食用腌制食物，8.6％的居民喜欢食用熏制食物。4．睡眠每天睡眠时间少于6h者占20.2％。34.4％的居民经常出现睡眠困难的情况，女性高于男性。5．体育锻炼65.3％的居民不经常参加体育锻炼，体育锻炼类型主要以散步为主(占62.6％)，不参加体育锻炼的原因前3位是：没时间(占37.7％)，不喜欢运动(占22.3％)，工作累(占18.1％)。6．精神紧张17.5％的居民经常感到精神紧张。7．自我保健意识31.3％的居民不重视自我保健。8．社区卫生服务现状、需求81.6％的居民，过去30天没有接受过关于健康生活方式的健康教育，健康知识的来源渠道中，排在前3位的是电视、报纸杂志、朋友或家人，社区卫生服务的现状不能满足年龄35岁以上居民对社区卫生服务的需求。结论：郴州市城区35岁以上居民中，不良生活方式存在较普遍，社区卫生服务的现状不能满足35岁以上居民对社区卫生服务的需求。因此，应加强慢性病健康教育，提供各种社区卫生服务，以改善35岁以上居民的生活方式，达到预防和控制慢眭病，提高生命质量的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To study the features of the unhealthy life styles and health services requirements distribution of the residents aged≥35 years in Chenzhou city. To provide evidence for the community nursing.Methods: Data were used from a multi-stage cluster. A prevalance study using questionnaire survey was conducted about unhealthy life styles and health services requirements status among 326 residents aged≥35 years in Chenzhou city.Results: 1. Smoking The rate of smoking was 31.9%. 2. Drinking The rate of drinking was 36.2%. 3. Diets 10.7% of the residents were used not having breakfast more than three days every week. 16.9% of the residents were used to animal oil. 26.4% of the residents were used to high-salt diet, 21.8% of the residents were used to sweet diet, 24.5% of the residents were used to high-lipid diet or fried diet, 16.6% of the residents were used to salted diet, 8.6% of the residents were used to smoked diet. 4. Sleeping Sleeping time was less than 6 hours in 20.2 % of the middle and old aged residents, and 34.4 % of the residents were often difficult in sleeping, The rate of women was higher than the rate of men. 5. Exercise 65.3 % of the middle and old aged residents were lack of exercises, 62.6% of the residents were used to doing exercises by walking mainly. The reasons for not doing exercises were having no time, having no interests, or being tired with working. 6. Mental Stress 17.5 % of the residents often feel mental stress. 7. Self-health care 31.3 % of the residents didn’t pay attention to self-heath care. 8. The community health services 81.6 % of the residents aged >35 years hadn’t received heath education about healthy life-style during the past 30 days. Most of the residents got healthy knowledge from TV, Newspapers, magazines or friends or from family members. The Present situations of the community health services couldn’t satisfy the requirements of the residents .Conclusion: The unhealthy life styles of the residents aged≥35 years in Chenzhou city were common. The Present situations of the community health services couldn’t satisfy the requirements of the residents. So the health education about the chronic non-communicable diseases and the community health services should be reinforced to prevent and control the chronic non-communicable diseases, and improve the quality of life of the residents aged≥35 years in Chenzhou city更多还原