社会转型期的医患关系研究

【作者】 谢慧娟；

【导师】 李桂平；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 社会学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 医患关系是医务人员与病人在医疗过程中产生的特定医治关系，是医疗人际关系中的关键。在传统的医患关系中，医者以患者谋利益为己任，享有较高的社会地位，被施救的患者往往怀着感恩的心态对待医者。但近年来，医患关系日趋紧张，医患矛盾日益激化，已成为当前社会中的一个极为严重的问题。本研究从医患双方各自不同的角色出发探讨社会转型期医患关系紧张这一现象——即医疗实践中医方与患方之间互不信任、互不理解。基于湖南省L市人民医院的实证调查资料的分析，本研究发现：1、医务人员的服务态度与患者的满意度具有相关性，根据对患者的满意度调查和分析医患关系紧张的原因，医患关系的好坏在一定程度上是受医务人员服务态度的影响。2、医患关系与医务人员对职业环境的满意度存在相关性。医患关系紧张不仅会使医务人员的精神压力加大，影响了医患关系的健康发展，而且在一定程度上影响了医务人员的职业环境及其对职业的认同。3、医生社会地位降低与医患关系紧张存在相关性。医务人员社会地位的降低是导致相当一部分人对工作态度不积极的一个因素，也是影响医患关系良性发展的一个因素。4、病人角色期望与医疗卫生服务在医患关系中也存在相关性。在医疗市场竞争中，由于病人角色期望表现在对医疗卫生服务的期望和态度上，使得病人角色期望和需求的多样化与医疗卫生服务供给之间发生矛盾。从目前我国医患关系紧张不断上升的趋势来看，医患关系紧张不仅影响了医患关系的健康发展，而且在一定程度上影响了医务人员的职业环境及其对职业的认同。根据对医患关系紧张的原因分析，要建立健康的医患关系需要多方面的努力。一方面，要求医患双方实现权利、义务对等原则；另一方面，还需要政府的支持和良好的社会环境，即需要规范有序的法律环境、需要良好的媒体环境。更多还原

【Abstract】 Doctor-patient Relation is the unique relationship establishedbetween doctor and patient during the time when patients receive medicaltreatment from doctors, which is the dominant one among the humanrelationships of the doctors. In the past time, doctors always acted on thebehalf of patients, released patients from sufferance of diseases, savedtheir lives, so the beneficiary—the patient was grateful towards the doctorfrom whom they received medical treatment, and the doctor in turnenjoyed high social status. In recent years, there is an increasing tensionbetween doctor-patient relation and an intensification of the conflictionbetween doctors and patients, which have already become a seriousproblem of our society. On analyzing the different roles that a doctor anda patient plays respectively, this paper have observed the phenomenon ofthe intensified relation between doctors and patients—no understanding,no trust between doctors and patients in the process of medical practice,during the time of social transition.On analyzing the inspection materials of the Republic Hospital in LCity of Hunan Province, this paper has come into following conclusions:first, there are relation between doctors’ attitude toward patients and theextent to which the patient is satisfied. According to an inquiring ofpatients and the analysis of the reasons why the relation between doctors and patients has intensified, a good doctor-patient relationship dependslargely on the attitude of the doctor when he provides service. Second, agood doctor-patient relation depends on a doctor’s satisfaction toward theprofessional environment. A bad professional environment will probablylead to a bad doctor-patient relation, because a intensified relation willnot only produce pressures up on doctors, but also give bad effect ondoctor’s professional environment and their attitude towards theirprofession. Third, the lowering of doctor’s social status may at someextent attribute to the intensification of doctor-patient relation. Thelowering of doctor’s is a factor that leads to the lowering of some doctor’spassion, as well as is a factor that affects the healthy development ofdoctor-patient relation. Forth, the difference between the patient’sexpectancies and the actual medical services they received may alsoaffect the establishment of a healthy doctor-patient relation. Because, inthe medical market, there are varies expectancies towards the medicalservice and doctors’ attitude to patients; so, there exists a contradictionbetween diversity of expectancies and the limited kinds of medicalservices provided. On realizing the increasing tension of doctor-patientrelation, in our country nowadays, produces bad effects not only on thedevelopment of a healthy doctor-patient relation, but also on doctor’sprofessional environment and their attitude towards the profession; andaccording to the analysis of the causes that lead to the intensification between doctor and patient, to set up a sound doctor-patient relation andto solve the problem requires many social forces: firstly, a principleinsuring equal distribution of right obligation between doctor and patientshould be established; secondly, govemment support and good socialenvironment is necessary, in other words, a sound legal and mediumenvironment is required.更多还原