【作者】 杜慧丽；

【导师】 周志芳；

【作者基本信息】 河海大学 ， 地质工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 地下水与河水的相互作用是自然界中普遍存在的一种自然现象，也是陆地水文循环的一个重要组成部分。在自然界中，河水与地下水是紧密联系的整体，二者之间不仅发生水量交换，而且存在溶质和污染物的迁移。随着人类大规模地开采傍河水源地的地下水，河流对地下水系统的影响更为显著，二者之间的相互作用机理也更为复杂。因此，在建立地下水流模型时，正确分析河水与地下水之间的相互关系，对河流进行科学的概化是十分重要的。针对解析法中对河流边界多按完整河情况处理这一问题，建立了非完整河数值模型，对潜水非完整河附近地下水运动进行了模拟分析，讨论了河流完整度对单宽流量和地下水位的影响，给出了非完整河流单宽流量和水位计算公式，结果表明，河流完整性不同，其附近的地下水动态也随之变化。在二元结构模型中，考虑上部粘性土层的不同厚度、不同渗透性，经过数值模拟发现，上部弱透水层具有相对隔水作用，且厚度越大，渗透性越小，隔水性越好；当河流切穿上部弱透水层时，研究区地下水位都会发生突变性的抬升，而考虑回水时间的影响，地下水位的变化量比未切穿弱透水层要大。水库浸没问题是水库工程勘察与评价的重要内容，也是水库区五大工程地质问题之一，本文在对目前应用于水库浸没预测的几种方法进行了对比分析的基础上，基于吉林省长春市石头口门水库兴利增容工程，选取典型断面，考虑河流切割含水层的不同程度、回水时间及潜水蒸发的影响，对增容后库区地下水位壅高情况进行研究，并对库区浸没问题进行了分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 The interaction between the groundwater and river water is a common natural phenomenon, and it also is the important part of land water cycle. River water and groundwater is a close connection unity, there are not only water exchanges but also solute and contaminant transport exist between them. With the large scale groundwater exploitation in water source site adjacent to river, the influence of the river to groundwater system is more prominent, and the interaction mechanism of them is more complicated. So, correctly analysis the connection of river water and groundwater is important to the scientific simplification of river when building groundwater flow model.Aiming at the problem that Rivers is always treated as full penetrating one in analytic method, the numerical model of partial penetrating river is constructed, and the groundwater flow near partial penetrating river is simulated. The impact on unit discharge and water head is discussed, The formulas for calculating unit discharge and water head have been obtained, The results show that the groundwater dynamic state varies with the river integrity.In dualistic structure model, the thickness and permeability of upper layer clay are considered. The numerical simulation shows that the upper semipervious formation acts as relatively impervious layer, and permeability decrease with the increasing or thickness of the upper semipervious formation; when river penetrating the back plane of upper semipervious formation, the groundwater table of research side would elevate abruptly, and when considering the effect of backwater time the elevation of groundwater table is bigger than that of river doesn’t penetrate the upper semipervious formationReservoir immersion is an important content of reservoir investigation and appraisement, and it also is one of five engineering geology problems of reservoir engineering. In this paper, based on the comparison of Reservoir immersion prediction method, and to the Shitoukoumen Reservoir storage increment engineering in Jiling province Changchun city, the typical section is selected; then considering the extent of the river penetrating the aquifer and effect of backwater time, the banked-up water levels of groundwater is researched after Reservoir storage increment, and reservoir immersion is predicted.更多还原