【作者】 范文艺；

【导师】 覃德清；

【作者基本信息】 广西师范大学 ， 中国少数民族语言文学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文试图探讨在旅游语境中民族民间文学的生存和传承之状况和相互关系的问题。文章首先以文献资料收集和当前社会之现状作简单的背景介绍,指出国内外民族民间文学同旅游接触的现状、前人的研究收获和不足。文章进而直接引出研究切入点,从具体的民族民间文学元素“刘三姐”山歌入手,选取个案以田野调查法考察、分析旅游背景下民族民间文学中“刘三姐”的生存现状、传承机制问题。文章通过文献资料收集,参考前人的理论研究,运用跨文化比较法和调查问卷方式进行数据统计,以客观的角度分析调查结果。以调查分析为基础,从个案实证调查上升到理论的角度论述旅游和民族民间文学的关系和互利互用的可能性和契机,从而得出理论分析结果和文章的研究结论。文章第一部分首先从社会背景入手,概述民族民间文学和旅游相遇碰撞的社会背景,国内外研究现状,指出这方面的研究代表了未来研究的一个方向,具有时代意义。第二部分从广西地区民间流传的“刘三姐”文化元素切入。以文化的时空纵横坐标为尺度,自古到今阐述了不同的语境中“刘三姐”文化的形成,发展,改变,改编,传承的原因,状况以及影响,从而形成了一条“刘三姐”文化品牌的地区历史文脉。第三部分是个案的调查,也是文章实证研究的全面展开。这部分以前两部分的论述为基础,选取旅游语境中的阳朔为考察地点,以“印象·刘三姐”为具体的研究对象,细致地分析了民族民间文学元素“刘三姐”山歌文化在其中的体现,运用,改编,展示,现状和影响,全面展开论述旅游滋生下的“印象·刘三姐”内容的编创和展现。这部分运用了田野调查方法记录第一手资料,深入调查对象中,分别记录和观察了阳朔政府官员,“印象·刘三姐”管理人员,工作人员,农民演员,其他参与旅游活动的当地人,学者,导游和中外游客对研究对象的解释和理解,并创新性地利用了来自当今大众传媒中的网络获得第一手反馈意见,借以全面综合的视角考察研究对象。整个第四部分以民族民间文学的借用,改编,展示为重点。文章参考文化调查问卷的数据统计和田野调查中取得的第一手资料继续拓展论述“印象·刘三姐”中“刘三姐”山歌文化等民族民间文学元素在历史上的原生形态,20世纪60年代开始的再生形态,再到旅游背景下出现的相关衍生形态,如商品等;并运用文化比较法进行比较以分析阐述整个过程对原初民族民间文学的生存和传承的影响。这部分以调查为基础以客观的视角论述了旅游和民族民间文学的互利互用的可能性和契机。第五部分以第四部分的分析阐述为基础,参考“印象·刘三姐”的个案调查,分析原因,提出了旅游语境中旅游的开发对民族民间文学保护和新生的积极和消极作用,以及如何应对,是从实证调查到理论的回归。第六部分,综观全文,再次阐述了研究旅游语境中民族民间文学的生存空间和传承对两者互利互用,以及保护非物质文化遗产的重要意义。整篇文章以从理论到实证再回归理论作为写作思路。文章以文化人类学的眼界,运用了人类学中的田野调查,深度访谈和文化调查问卷设计等方法客观地研究分析对象得出结论,试图避免从文化角度研究入手阐述理论进而直接定性的模式。在分析民族民间文学与旅游互利互用可能性和契机上文章指出“印象·刘三姐”虽然离开了原初语境,但是却在原初文化语境的影响场域之下;指出旅游和民族民间文学之间有互利互用的学科基础,两者之间本质上并不冲突,而是在与传播过程中出现了矛盾问题;指出为民族民间文学寻找到现实的自身价值和生存空间拓展的新途径可以理解为如何在新的社会语境下发展和保护非物质文化遗产。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis tries to discuss the problems about the condition and correlation of ethnic folk literature with a tourism context for its living and inheritance. The thesis first briefly introduces document data collections and the current society condition as the background, pointing out the present condition, former research achievement and weaknesses between tourism and ethnic folk literature research domestically and internationally. Then it directly turns to the concrete ethnic literature element folk song about“Sanjie Liu”as a start point. By selecting a case and using the field work method, the thesis surveys and analyses the present living condition and inheritance mechanism about“Sanjie Liu”in ethnic literature under tourism background. On the basis of document collections and questionnaire method, this thesis is to analyze the research result on an objective angle. Making the field work analysis as the foundation, the thesis is from the theoretic perspective to discuss the possibility and opportunity on how to make reciprocity between tourism and ethnic literature, then it comes up with the theory analysis result and the thesis’conclusion.The first part starts to outline the social background, under which the ethnic literature encounters tourism, and also the research status quo of the two. The part points out that the related research in this field represents one direction in future and has an important significance.The second part begins to discuss the“Sanjie Liu”culture element which spreads is popular among people at Guangxi area. Setting a cultural time and space coordinate as a mark, this part elaborates“Sanjie Liu”culture in different context about its formation, development, transform, adaptation, and the reason on inheritance as well as the condition and influence. This forms a regional history culture trace about culture brand.The third part is the survey of a case study and it is the thorough positivism research part in this article. The thesis selects Yangshuo County as a field work site and the“Impression Sanjie Liu”as concrete research object. It deliberately analyses how the ethnic literature“Sanjie Liu”folk song is embodied, used, adapted and demonstrated in“Impression Sanjie Liu”and its situation and influence in order to discuss the arrangement and demonstration of the content in“Impression Sanjie Liu”. This part uses the field work method to look into the research object and collect the first hand information from Yangshuo government officials,“Impression Sanjie Liu”management circle ,stuff members, farmer actors and other locals participating in tourism ,scholars ,tour guides ,tourist both from home and abroad respectively to get their explanation and understanding. It also innovatively collects first hand feedback information by using the mass communication media internet to have a comprehensive observation to the research object.The whole fourth part emphasizes on the borrowing, adaptation and display of the ethnic literature. It refers to the culture questionnaire data statistics and the first hand information from the field work to expand the discussion of ethnic literature elements such as“Sanjie Liu”folk song in“Impression Sanjie Liu”with the original existence form, the regenerated form starting from 1960’s and the derived forms under the tourism background, such as the likes of related commodities. It also applies the inter-cultural comparison method to analyze and elaborate the influence on ethnic literature’living and inheritance through the process. With an objective angle of view, this part discusses the possibilities and opportunities about the mutual benefit between tourism and ethnic literature.The fifth part uses the fourth part as a basis. Having referred to the case study of”Impression Sanjie Liu”, it analyses the reasons and puts forward the positive and negative effects for ethnic literature under tourism exploitation context and how to deal with the bad effects. This part starts from the positivism and ends in theory discussion.The last part takes a comprehensive view of the full thesis, elaborates the achievement and deficiency of research and has a thought about it. It once more discusses the reciprocity for the living space and the inheritance of the ethnic literature in tourism context and the important significance of conservation for the intangible cultural heritage.The writing thread of the whole thesis starts from theory research to positivism and returns the theory. On a cultural anthropology outlook, the thesis applies field work method, depth interview and culture questionnaire method to analyze the object with an objective view and work out the conclusion. That tries to avoid the mode which commences a research with a cultural angle to be the theoretic discussion and directly get the qualitative conclusion. Having analyzed the possibility and opportunity about the reciprocity between tourism and ethnic literature, the thesis points out the“Impression Sanjie Liu”left the original display context, but it is still in the field covered by the original culture context. There is an academic foundation for the mutual benefit for tourism and the ethnic literature and no conflict between the two essentially, it is the dissemination process that cause the controversial problem. The thesis also indicates finding the realistic value and expanding the living space for the ethnic literature is the way to develop and conserve the intangible cultural heritage under a new social context.更多还原