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基于人口、资源与环境协调发展的公共政策研究

【作者】 张正宗

【导师】 宋旭光;

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 , 公共经济与公共政策, 2006, 硕士

【摘要】 自古以来,人口、资源与环境就是人类发展的三个立足点,随着科技进步和社会生产力的不断提高,三者的发展进程也大大加速,但与此同时,生态破坏、资源浪费、环境污染、人口剧增等不协调问题也日益突出,严重影响了发展的规模和质量。在这种严峻形式下人们意识到必须寻求一条社会、经济与生态环境相互协调的发展道路,并进行了各种各样的尝试。古往今来的历史证明,人口、资源与环境协调发展是人类发展所面临的一个恒久课题。因而其应用性政策研究有着重要意义和深远影响。本文从理论分析和实证分析结合的角度,进行了基于人口、资源与环境协调发展的政策探讨。文章通过对文献的阅读和公共政策相关理论的阐述以及协调发展政策的总结,为人口、资源与环境协调发展政策研究奠定坚实基础。在此基础上,文章选取了一些数据,试图通过数据方面的实证分析得到中国人口、资源与环境协调发展及其政策结论。通过测算协调发展指数以及构建回归模型,分析中国人口、资源与环境协调发展政策的主体内容和实践效果。而且针对中国目前协调发展的状况,提出针对性政策优化建议。全文共分五章节。第一章,主要探讨了进行人口、资源环境协调发展公共政策研究的意义,并分析和总结了已有人口、资源与环境协调发展政策的研究情况。指出相关政策研究已经从理论认识转向实际应用,而且涌现出很多有意义的理论成果。第二章,简单介绍了公共政策的基本理论,之后重点阐述了人口、资源与环境协调发展政策的相应内容。在这一过程中先是规范了本文中所运用的公共政策的概念,后又分析了公共政策目标的演变过程,在此基础上阐述了公共政策系统理论,将系统的观点引入到文章分析中。然后,着重分析了人口、资源与环境协调发展政策的内容,如循环经济政策和绿色税收政策以及协调发展政策相关子政策系统的内容。第三章,文章对人口、资源与环境协调发展和相关政策作了实证分析。先是综合运用熵值法和层次分析法测算了人口、资源和环境协调发展指数。然后选取一定的协调发展政策指标,进行主成分分析。再运用所得到的主成分数据与协调发展指数构建回归模型,以此计算协调发展政策对协调发展的影响强度。第四章,文章对中国人口、资源环境协调发展政策进行了思考。先是回顾了中国经济社会目前所运行的人口、资源环境协调发展的公共政策。进而提出了中国人口、资源环境协调发展政策所面临的几大突出问题。此后针对协调发展政策所面临的问题,文章提出对其进行政策优化,并给出了一些具体措施。第五章,则进行了全文总结,并展望了人口、资源与环境协调发展政策研究的未来。

【Abstract】 From long time ago, the population, resources and environment are the three basic factors of human development, which under the help of science and technology progress accelerates social productivity consumedly. But at the same time, some terrible problems which need people to give prominence to, are getting worse such as the breaking ecosystem,the wasteing resources, the pollution of the environment,and the increasing population, and affect the scale and the quality of development seriously. Under this circumstance, people are aware of looking for a harmonious development road, which society, economy and the ecosystem environment are reconcile, and people tried hard. History bears it out that harmonious development of poulation, resources and environment is a permanent topic which human faces. As a result, the research about it has important and profound meaning and influence. This article discusses the harmonious development policy,basing on population, resource and environment, from the theory and practice angle.Through reading literature elaborating related theories and summarizing the public policies, we choose series of data to conclude an empirical result about the harmonious development and the policies in China. Furthermore we give some optimized advice after computing harmonious index and regressing models.I proceed as follows. In Section I, I provide the importance of analyzing the policies on harmonious development and conclude the former study result on it. In Section II, I introduce the standard theories about public policies and discuss the the characteristic of the policies on harmonious development, including population policy,resource policy and environment policy, which consist the system of the public policies. Section III provides empirical analysis about the harmonious development and the policies on it. In Section IV, I study the development and policies in China. Then some measures were lay out to optimaze these policies. Conclusions and suggestions for further research are offered in Section V.

  • 【分类号】C92-05;F205
  • 【被引频次】4
  • 【下载频次】844
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