【作者】 彭晓云；

【导师】 冯流；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 偶氮染料废水由于其高色度、强毒性、难降解，在还原条件下易分解产生致癌性芳香胺，而被视为现今急待治理的废水之一。为此，本论文以偶氮染料活性艳红X-3B模拟废水为处理对象，采用超声波（US）-Fenton试剂联合的方法，以染料废水的降解率和紫外光谱所反映的结构变化进行降解效果的评价，较系统地研究了工艺条件对处理效果的影响，初步探讨了活性艳红X-3B的降解机制，并利用BOD₅／COD_cr比值法评价了染料废水的可生化性。实验结果表明：活性艳红X-3B仅用超声处理，降解率为5％左右，仅用Fenton试剂处理，降解率为45％左右，而两者联合处理时，降解率可达90％以上，US-Fenton试剂耦合法明显优于二者的简单叠加，能够显著地缩短反应时间，提高降解率，是一种有效的处理染料废水的方法。并且US-Fenton法降解活性艳红X-3B符合二级反应动力学方程。实验同时探讨了超声功率、变幅杆直径，溶液初始pH值、溶液温度以及FeSO₄和H₂O₂浓度等因素对活性艳红X-3B降解的影响。结果表明，温度对降解率的影响很小，可以忽略不计；而降解率会随超声功率的升高而升高；随溶液初始pH值升高而大幅度下降；随变幅杆直径增大呈现出先增加后减少的趋势；对于FeSO₄和H₂O₂则都存在一个最佳投加量。此外，对H₂O₂投加浓度、FeSO₄浓度、超声功率和溶液初始pH值等影响US-Fenton氧化过程的主要因素进行了正交实验分析，确定了各因素影响程度大小关系和最佳处理条件。最后，文章利用BOD₅／COD_cr比值法评价染料的可生化性。结果表明，US-Fenton法处理后染料的可生化性有很大的提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 Azo dyes wastewater is not only high chromatic, strong noxious, butalso difficult to degrade and easy to discompose to carcinogenic aromaticamine under deoxidization condition. So, azo dyes wastewater must betreated urgently. In this thesis, reactive-red X-3B solution, which has azodyes structure, was studied by Ultrasound-Fenton reagent techniques. Withthe degradation of reactive-red X-3B and the change of structure reflectedby UV spectrum as criteria, the influence of the technical conditions on thedisposal of reactive-red X-3B were systemically studied. Furthermore,decomposition mechanism of the azo dyes was studied and the ratio ofBiochemical Oxygen Demand to Chemical Oxygen Demand was used forthe dye’s biodegradability study.Degradation of simulated reactive-red X-3B wastewater by ultrasonictechnology, Fenton reagent oxidation, and a combination of the twoprocesses was studied. It was found that the degradation by ultrasonictechnology or Fenton reagent oxidation alone was insignificant, with adegradation rate-of 5% and 45% respectively; while it was greatly improvedwhen the two processes were combined, with a degra.dation rate up to 90%,which showed that these two processes presented a good synergetic effect.The degradation of reactive-red X-3B by the combined two processes couldbe described by second-order kinetics model.The effect of many factors such as ultrasonic power, probe diameter, pH, temperature, concentration of FeSO₄ and H₂O₂ on the degradation ofreactive-red X-3B was investigated. The results showed that thetemperature had little or even an adverse effect on the degradation. Thedegradation rate was strongly pH dependent and increased with decreasingpH. On the contrary, the degradation rate was increased with increasingultrasonic power and FeSO₄ concentration, but it was increased slightlywhen FeSO₄ concentration was more than 0.045mmol/L, however, therewas an optimal H₂O₂ concentration for effective RR2 degradation.Furthermore, the orthogonal analyses were conducted to investigate suchsensitive effect factors as H₂O₂ concentration, FeSO₄ concentration,ultrasonic power and pH, and the optimum applicable parameters weredetermined.Finally, the ratio of Biochemical Oxygen Demand to Chemical OxygenDemand is used for the dye’s biodegradability study. The result showed thatthe dye’s biodegradability has been heightened after ultrasonic technologyand Fenton reagent acting on it.更多还原