【作者】 刘思；

【导师】 杨颖秀；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 教育经济与管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 我国高校招生中少数民族优惠政策已实施多年,目前仍面临着诸多的问题和挑战,对教育平等的争论一直都是学者们探讨的焦点。美国政府于20世纪60年代中期启动的肯定性行动计划,在就业、教育等领域对少数民族、妇女等社会不利群体给予某些优待和照顾,促进了美国少数民族高等教育的发展。但几十年来,关于肯定性行动计划存在和实施的争论从未间断。2006年4月14日至15日,“多元文化国际视野下的中美少数民族教育政策比较研究国际学术研讨会”在美国迪金森学院召开。来自中国、美国、澳大利亚的与会代表学者和专家就围绕中国少数民族教育优惠政策的理论与实践,中美少数民族优惠(肯定性)政策比较研究等问题,展开了热烈而深入的讨论。高校招生中少数民族优惠政策实施以来面临着各方面的挑战,如缺少对受益人群标准的审查以及政策执行中所存在的问题,这些都将导致政策与最初目标产生偏离。这些都对优惠政策提出了新的要求,需要对其完善。社会日趋多元化,少数民族学生对自身价值的认识也日益多元化,人们的主体意识日益增强,对于自身权力的维护和社会公正的追求也更为敏感和迫切,要求建立公平竞争的机制和教育平等的政策法规的保护。更多还原

【Abstract】 The preferential policy for the minority in university enrollment has been carried out in the decades. Now it still faced the challenges, equality of education was the focal point.In the mid-1960s, the American government started the affirmative action programs to give some preferential treatment to the minorities and women in employment and education. The preferential measures brought about the rapid development of American minorities higher education. But in the past decades, debates on the affirmative action programs never ceased. On April 14th and 15th,“Conference on the Comparison between the Minority Education Policies of China and U.S.A under the International Background of Multi-culture”held in Dickinson College of U.S.A. The scholars who came from Chinese, American and Australia discussed on the Chinese preferential policy to the minorities and the comparison research on the Chinese and American preferential policy (affirmation action) with experts.Since the implementation of preferential policy, it has faced challenges that require constant improvement. For instance it lacks the standard review for the benefit crowd and problems existed in the implementation, all of these will lead to policies deviation from the initial objectives. These advanced the new requirements for preferential policies to improve. Society has become more multiplex. Minority students’understanding of their value has also changed. The maintenance of their own power and social justice is more and more exigent,thus the mechanism of fair competition and equality of education policies are claimed to create in order to protect their own right.更多还原