【作者】 李好；

【导师】 汪三贵；

【作者基本信息】 中国农业科学院 ， 农业经济管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 伴随着我国经济的持续发展，居民收入水平的不断提高，食物消费也在渐渐提高的同时，我国县城城镇贫困居民食物消费状况却十分严峻。根据恩格尔系数判断，食物消费仍然占家庭消费支出的重要部分。本文以湖南省县城城镇贫困居民为研究对象，来分析食物消费和营养状况。首先，分析县城城镇贫困居民的食物消费现状和变化趋势；其次利用AIDS系统模型分析影响食物消费的因素；最后从个人特征对营养素的摄入量进行进一步的研究。研究结果表明，(1)食物消费结构极为简单，除最基础的食物如粮食、蔬菜、食用油和肉类外，水果、水产品等其他食物的消费比例很少。(2)影响食物消费的因素：收入增加将会最先考虑的是增加蔬菜和水果的消费量；水产品、蛋类和水果的消费量会随着自身价格的上涨而相应的增加，粮食价格变化对于其它食物的购买量影响较大；同时家庭特征对于不同食物的影响也不相同。(3)人均营养素摄入量(能量、蛋白质和脂肪)均达不到标准摄入量，并且动物性营养素严重低于国家标准。个人特征会影响营养素的摄入，并且就业对影响营养素摄入的作用大。文章最后提出三方面的建议：一是发放最低生活保障、鼓励就业和减少医疗和教育方面的非食物支出三管齐下来增加贫困居民收入；二是稳定物价，以此来维持城镇贫困居民食物的基本消费量，并且减少因为食物价格上涨而制约消费量；三是加强贫困居民营养和合理搭配饮食的观念，以促进营养素的合理摄入。更多还原

【Abstract】 Nowadays, the economy of our country develops continuously, the income of residents grows unceasingly, food consumption also enhances gradually. However, the food consumption situation of the impoverished family in county seats and small towns, is extremely stern. Indicated according to the Engel coefficient, food consumption still accounts for the important part in the family consumption disbursement. Taking the urban impoverished residents in the county seats of Hunan Province as the object, this article analyzes the situation of the food consumption and nutrient absorption. First, it analyses the present-situation and the changing tendency of the food consumption of the urban impoverished residents in the county seats; Second, using AIDS system model to analyze the influencing factors food consumption; Lastly, analyzing individual characteristic to research the quantity of the absorption of the nutrient.The result indicates: (1) The food consumption structure is extremely simple. The proportion of consumption on some food, such as fruit, aquatic products, etc. is very small, except for the most foundational consumption on the food, for example, grain, vegetables, cooking oil and meats. (2) The factors which influencing food consumption: when income increases, people will consider to increase the consumption on vegetables and dried fruit at first; the consumption quantity of the aquatic products, the eggs and the dried fruit will increase correspondingly along with the rise of these three kinds of food own price; the changing of the grain’s price makes a great influence to the purchase quantity of other food; simultaneously, every family’s food consumption is very different considering its’own characteristic. (3) The per person average absorption quantity of the nutrient (energy, protein and fat) is all not able to achieve the national standard, which is seriously higher than the average absorption quantity of the animalistic nutrient. Individual characteristic can influence the absorption of the nutrient, and the employment factor also has significant effect on the absorption of the nutrient.Finally, the article put forward three proposals. The first is, by virtue of providing the lowest social security and more job positions, reducing the non-food disbursement such as medical cost and education cost to increase the income of the impoverished family; the second is, keeping stable price and reducing the continual rise of the food price which restricts the consumption quantity , to maintain the basic consumption quantity of the impoverished family; the third is, strengthening the impoverished residents’ idea about nutrition and rational diet, to promote the rational absorption of the nutrient.更多还原