【作者】 鹿勇；

【导师】 林金表； 蔡振雄；

【作者基本信息】 集美大学 ， 轮机工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 船舶柴油机轴系安全问题是一个系统工程。为了避免或者减少轴系事故的发生,准确了解轴系状况、维护轴系可靠运行,对轴系产生裂纹倾向进行提前预测是很重要的。本课题以船舶柴油机曲轴轴系为对象,研究裂纹磁记忆无损检测技术的原理和方法,用来实现对轴系裂纹的定性检测。在分析金属磁记忆原理的基础上,并将PIC单片机处理器应用于轴系裂纹定性检测中,研制出基于磁记忆原理,性价比优良的便携式轴系裂纹检测仪。在理论研究方面,分析了金属磁记忆检测技术、发展概况与特点等,综述了裂纹检测仪的研究现状,对比了磁记忆技术在各行业中的应用,指出了其应用中的优点和局限性。最后,对磁记忆检测原理进行了探讨。在检测仪器硬件设计方面,研制了由磁阻传感芯片HMC1001组成的磁记忆探头,并在此基础上,设计了弱磁信号滤波、放大的模拟信号处理电路和以PIC单片机为核心的数据处理电路,最后利用Protel软件平台绘制出电路原理图和印刷电路板图。软件设计方面,利用汇编语言分别编写了显示、采集处理、报警、通讯、打印子程序,通过主程序对子程序进行合理调用,同时利用编程器调试和软件修改,完成了磁记忆信号采集和数据处理。最后,利用编程器对制作的印刷电路板进行硬件和软件联合调试,通过多次调试、修改,研制出船舶柴油机轴系裂纹检测仪。同时通过与成熟仪器产品对同一试件的对比实验,证明了本仪器具有较高的精度和使用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 The security problem of marine diesel engine shafting is a systems engineering. To avoid or reduce occurrence of shafting accidents, detect the operating situation of shafts accurately and maintain diesel reliable operation, it is one of the fundamental ways to forecast shafts cracks tendency of marine diesel engine.Crank shaft of marine diesel engine was taken as research object in the task and it was discussed that principle and method of metal magnetic memory testing (MMMT) of cracks for shafts crack qualitatively testing. Based on the study on the principle of metal magnetic memory, magnetic memory detector of crack with PIC processor was developed.In the aspect of theory research it was analyzed that the principle, development and characters of MMMT, and it were compared the application of MMMT in different fields. Advantage and disadvantage of application were pointed out. Finally, theory of MMMT was discussed primarily in both macroscopic and microcosmic aspects.In the aspect of hardware designation, it was developed magnetoresistive sensor using magnetoresistive transduction chip HMC1001. It was designed analog signal processing circuit such as weak signal amplification, filtering and data processing circuit with PIC processor as center unit. Finally, the schematic circuit diagram and printed circuit board (PCB) drawing was designed by PROTEL software.In the aspect of software designation, it was compiled subprogram such as display, signal collection, communication and printing with assemble language. The main program was compiled to transfer subprogram. At the same time, programmer was used to debug the program to complete data procession of MMM signal.Finally, program instrument was used to debug both software and hardware on the PCB. After several times of debugging, the magnetic memory detector of crack was completed. After comparison experiment with production of other company, it was proved that the instrument has high precision and value in application.更多还原