【作者】 韩振华；

【导师】 邓玉和；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 木材科学与技术， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 石膏刨花板是以石膏为胶凝材料，木质刨花为增强材料而制成的一种建筑材料，在世界上已有较长的生产历史。本课题以木屑作为原材料代替刨花，可利用木材加工行业的废弃木屑，降低生产成本，实现废物利用，有效节约木材资源。同时丰富石膏板的板种。以木屑代替刨花，原料形态改变，经深入研究制板主要工艺参数（木膏比和水膏比）的影响，得出单因素控制下最佳木膏比为0.2、水膏比为0.35。在此基础上，通过木膏比和水膏比对板性能交互影响研究，得出ω=0.54x+0.28。即每一水膏比，均有一木膏比与之相适应，使得板强度为同系列中最高值。在实验室条件下，研究了温度对石膏水化及凝结硬化和对石膏结晶形态的影响，并已石膏木屑板的性能为佐证。试验得出温度为40℃时，石膏水化凝结时间缩短，同时板具有较高强度。此工艺条件应用于石膏板生产，将缩短生产周期，提高生产效率。石膏木屑板中石膏的主要成分为二水石膏，即CaSO₄·2H₂O。通过红外谱图分析，木材中的纤维素、半纤维素、木质素和抽提物单宁与石膏间未产生明显结合。最终认为石膏与木材之间仅为物理结合。因此要大幅度提高石膏木屑板的强度，还需加入其他化学助剂作为键桥，使得木材与石膏结合增强。更多还原

【Abstract】 The gypsum particleboard is a kind of building material, which takes gypsum as gluing material and takes wood-particle as reinforcing material. It has a long history already. This research’s topic is on using the sawdust which is abandoned in the wood industry, instead of the wood particle, as the original material. That can save the wood and recycle discarded products. As a result, it can decrease production cost and increase the economic performance. Meanwhile, the gypsum sawdust board could increase the sorts of gypsum particleboard.As the dimension of the material changing, the wood-gypsum ratio and the water-gypsum ratio was studied. Replacing wood particle by sawdust, the parameter is the wood-gypsum ratio by 0.2 and the water-gypsum ratio by 0.35 in single factor control. Besides, the relationship between the wood-gypsum ratio and the water-gypsum ratio was also explored. The formula,ω= 0.54x+0.28, indicates each water-gypsum ratio has a wood-gypsum ratio to go with it, which should make the board’s properties best in the corresponding series together.The temperature effects were explored by analyzing the concentration of Ca²⁺ in the hydrating system and the morphology of gypsum crystals with some modern instruments, such as Fire Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer （FAAS）, Scanning Electron Microscope （SEM） and so on. In addition, the physical and mechanical properties of the gypsum sawdust board was also surveyed. The result shows thatwhen the temperature is 40℃, the gypsum hydration time shortens and the board has higher strength. The application of this condition will shorten the production period and improve the efficiency.The main composition of the gypsum is dihydrate gypsum in the gypsum sawdust board, namely CaSO₄-2H₂O. Through the FTIR diagram’s analysis, the cellulose, the half cellulose, the lignin in the wood and the extractives neither combine with the gypsum obviously. So it can be surmised that there is only the physics connections between the gypsum and wood. Therefore, in order to improve the strength of the gypsum sawdust board to satisfy the needs, other chemicals should be joined as the bridge, making the wood and gypsum chemical combination to build up.更多还原