【作者】 林艳；

【导师】 岳永德； 花日茂；

【作者基本信息】 安徽农业大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文采用⁶⁰Co-γ射线辐照,探讨不同因素如辐照剂量、含水量、包装和辐照工艺等,对笋衣中有机磷农药残留的降解的影响。主要研究结果如下:1.不同辐照剂量处理下,敌敌畏、三唑磷在笋衣中的降解存在差异。实验设定2、4、6、8、10KGy等5个辐照剂量,当辐照剂量从2kGy增大到8kGy时,降解率持续增大,辐照剂量增至10kGy时,降解率降低。辐照剂量为8kGy时,笋衣中残留的敌敌畏或三唑磷的降解率最大,分别接近40%和36%。2.在相同辐照剂量下,样品含水量不同,敌敌畏、三唑磷的降解率存在差异。实验设定0%、5%、10%、20%、40%等5种含水量,随着含水量的增大,敌敌畏、三唑磷的降解率逐渐增大。当含水量为0时,降解率分别为38%、36%;而当含水量增加到40%时,降解率分别增大到64.5%、60.9%。3.不同包装方式对敌敌畏、三唑磷的降解有一定的影响。真空包装中敌敌畏、三唑磷的降解率比普通包装的降解率要高10%左右,说明真空包装有助于敌敌畏或三唑磷的辐照降解,在真空包装条件下,笋衣中残留的敌敌畏或三唑磷降解的比普通包装中的要多。4.不同辐照工艺条件下,敌敌畏、三唑磷的降解率不同。实验选择的辐照工艺为:（1）间隔时间相同（30min）,分段数不同。实验设置0、1、2、3、7等5种分段数。不分段时（分段数为0时）,敌敌畏、三唑磷的降解率分别为38.3%、35.6%;当分为7段时,降解率分别增大到50.6%、40.2%,此时笋衣中残留的敌敌畏或三唑磷降解率最大。（2）分段数相同（1段）,间隔时间不同。实验设置5个间隔时间:0、1、2、3、4h。三唑磷的降解率随着间隔时间不同而改变,但两者没有线性关系。间隔时间为0、1、3、4h时,三唑磷的降解率为36%左右;间隔时间为2h时,降解率为40%左右,此时笋衣中残留的三唑磷的降解率最大。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the method of ⁶⁰Co-γirradiation, the paper has studied the effect of irradiation doses、water content、packaging> irradiation technique on degradation efficiency of two kinds of organophosphorus pesticides in bamboo shoot. The mainly study results are as follows:1. Under the different irradiation dose, it has different degradation efficiency of dichlorvos and triazophos. The experiment intercalated five kinds of irradiation doses: 2、4、6、8、10KGy. The degradation efficiency has increased with the irradiation dose when it under 8KGy. When the irradiation dose has increased to 10KGy, the degradation efficiency has decreased. The results indicated that when the irradiation dose was 8KGy, the degradation efficiency was the maximum, which was about40% and 36%.2. With the same condition of irradiation dose, different water contents has different degradation efficiency. The experiment intercalated five kinds of water contents: 0%、5%、10%、20%、40%. The degradation efficiency has increased with the water contents. When the water content was 0%, the degradation efficiency was 38% and 36%. When the water content was 40%, the degradation efficiency was 64.5% and 60.9%.3. Under the same irradiation dose and water contents, using different packaging, the degradation efficiency was different. The experiment intercalated two kinds of packaging which are vacuum packaging and common packing. The degradation efficiency of dichlorvos and triazophos were 10% between vacuum packaging and common packing. The results determined that vacuum packaging maked for the degradation efficiency of dichlorvos and triazophos.4. When the irradiation dose was same, the degradation efficiency has changed with the irradiation technique. The experiment intercalated three kinds irradiation technique. （1） The interval time （30min） was the same, but sublevel numbers was different. The experiment intercalated five kinds of sublevel numbers: 0、1、2、3、7. When the sublevel number was 0, the degradation efficiency of dichlorvos and triazophos were 38.3%and 35.6%. When the sublevel number was 7, the degradation efficiency of dichlorvos and triazophos were 50.6% and 40.2%. （2） The sublevel number was the same, but interval time was different. The experiment intercalated five kinds of interval time: 0、1、2、3、4h. The degradation efficiency of triazophos has changed with the interval time. When the interval time were 0、1、3、4h,the degradation efficiency were 36%. When the interval time was 2h, the degradation efficiency was 40%.The result indicated that when the interval time was 2h and sublevel number was l,the degradation efficiency was the maximum.更多还原