【作者】 吴德勇；

【导师】 吴沿友；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 环境工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 通过水培大豆幼苗研究大豆子叶在生理过程中叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素含量，光合速率以及碳酸酐酶活性以及重金属(铜、锌、铅)对大豆幼苗生长及其子叶光合特性的影响，为把植物碳酸酐酶活性作为环境监测的一个生物指标提供依据。根据论文实验结果，可以得到如下结论：(1)大豆子叶中光合色素含量、碳酸酐酶活性和光合能力随着子叶的生理作用变化而变化，开始随着子叶的发育而增加，第7d时达到最大值，然后随着子叶的凋零而不断下降。(2)重金属铜、锌、铅直接与大豆子叶中提取的CA液作用时，浓度低于0.0001mmol／L的铜和锌对离体CA活性有一定的促进作用，而浓度高于0.001mmol／L的铜和锌则抑制离体CA活性，铅在低浓度就对离体CA活性有抑制作用。铜、锌、铅对大豆南农493-1和通酥1号子叶碳酸酐酶活性的抑制常数分别约为：0.75μmol／L和0.65μmol／L、1.50μmol／L和1.40μmol／L、1.05μmol／L和1.10μmol／L。(3)重金属铜、锌、铅单独处理，浓度低于0.5mmol／L铜、锌处理促进大豆幼苗的生长，提高子叶光合色素含量，增强子叶净光合速率和CA活性，但是5.0mmol／L铜、锌处理却抑制幼苗的生长，降低子叶各个光合特性参数值。浓度低于．005mmol／LPb处理时，大豆子叶中光合色素含量，子叶净光合速率以及CA活性没有显著变化，浓度高于0.05mmol／L铅处理时，阻碍大豆幼苗的生长，大豆子叶叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素含量减少，子叶净光合速率和CA活性降低。在铜锌、铜铅和锌铅的复合实验过程中，重金属之间表现出拮抗作用。(4)无论是大豆正常生长时还是受到铜、锌、铅影响时，大豆子叶中CA活性，光合色素含量以及子叶净光合速率相互之间都极显著正相关(p<0.01)。更多还原

【Abstract】 Soybean(Glycogen max (L.) Merr) tender seedlings are cultured in solution culture to research the contents of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid, photosynthetic rate and carbonic anhydrase activity in the physiology procedure of soybean cotyledon, and the effects of copper, zinc, lead on the growth of soybean seedlings and cotyledon photosynthetical system. All of these provide evidence for regarding the carbonic anhydrase activity as a biological index in the environmental inspection.According to the results of these experiments in the paper, the following conclusions can be drawn:(1) The photosynthetic pigment contents, carbonic anhydrase activity and photosynthetic rate change according to the physiological functions of cotyledon. At the beginning, they increase with the development of the cotyledon, and achieve the maximum on the seventh day, and descend gradually with the withering of the cotyledon.(2) when copper, zinc and lead directly interact with the carbonic anhydrase extracted from the soybean cotyledon, copper or zinc less than 0．0001mmol/L can improve the activity of carbonic anhydrase ex vivo, but that higher than 0．001mmol/L inhibits the carbonic anhydrase ex vivo. But lead inhibits the carbonic anhydrase ex vivo even when the concentration is very low. The inhibiting constants of copper, zinc and lead to CA from Nannong493-1 and Tongsul cotyledon are approximately: 0．75mol/Land0．65mol/L, 1．50mol/Land 1．40mol/L, 1．05mol/Land 1．10mol/L.(3) Copper or zinc less than 0．5mmol/L facilitates the growth of the soybean seedlings, increases the contents of photosynthetic pigment, and strengthens the photosynthetic rate of the soybean cotyledon and the cotyledon carbonic anhydrase activity. But copper or zinc of 5．0mmol/L inhibits the growth of tender seedlings and degrades the parameter value of photosynthetic characteristics of the soybean cotyledon. There are not obvious changes in the contents of photosynthetic pigment, photosynthetic rate and carbonic anhydrase activity when seedlings are treated with lead less than 0．005mmol/L,but lead higher than 0．05mmol/L inhibits the growth of tender seedlings, reduces the contents of photosynthetic pigment and photosynthetic rate and carbonic anhydrase activity. In the process of the complex experiments of copper, zinc, lead, there is antagonism between the metals.(4) Associativity between the carbonic anhydrase activity, photosynthetic pigment contents in the soybean cotyledon and net photosynthesis rate shows that whether the soybean tender seedlings grow in the normal circumstances or are affected by copper, zinc and lead respectively or together, the correlation is notably positive.更多还原