【作者】 王天福；

【导师】 陈志刚；

【作者基本信息】 江苏大学 ， 农业电气化与自动化， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 能源工业是国家经济发展的命脉，近年来，随着石油资源的紧张、石油价格的飚升，煤炭行业的重要地位和不可替代性也日益显现。然而，中国煤炭行业的安全生产形势却不容乐观，尤其是重、特大伤亡事故屡见报端。在这些事故中，瓦斯爆炸又占绝大多数。这其中，固然有很多诱发因素，但各煤矿生产企业安全监测设备不完备、管理手段落后是造成事故频发的重要原因之一。本课题采用镇江中煤电子有限公司研发的无火焰燃烧式气体传感器，以AT89S52单片机作为硬件电路核心，研制煤矿瓦斯(CH4)监测系统，开发出实现对CH4的识别、浓度监测、阈值报警以及实时上传数据至地面监控PC，通过串口通讯软件界面显示。论文首先阐述了CH4监测系统的发展及现状，通过对无火焰燃烧式CH4传感器的原理分析确立了系统的研发方向；接着介绍了监测系统的设计要求，由于煤矿井下工作环境特殊，空间狭窄，湿度大，有易燃易爆的瓦斯和煤尘，所以，煤矿电气设备必须符合防爆要求，应有接地、过流、漏电保护装置。在此基础上，详细论述了瓦斯气体监测系统的硬件电路设计与系统软件设计及实用分析。本课题采用具有较高性价比的单片机AT89S52构成煤矿气体监测系统的核心部分，根据气体传感器测量的信号，实现对CH4的成分识别和浓度测量；使用按键面板输入外部命令；采用ATMEL公司的Data Flash存储器AT24C02存储设定的参数及大量的测量数据；采用RS—485协议，实现数据远传，由地面串口通讯软件接收处理。串口通讯软件对单片机而言意义重大，不但可以实现将单片机的数据传输到电脑端，而且能实现电脑对单片机的控制。本文设计开发的串口通讯软件，是煤矿气体监测系统标定及其与PC机之间通讯的配套工具。基于串口通讯协议，使用该软件可以通过PC机实时监控煤矿气体监测系统的运行状态，读取系统存储器中的数据，并可实时显示系统监测到的不同环境下的气体浓度，运用PC强大的数据处理能力分析保存数据，并通过串口通讯软件将所测量的结果显示到软件界面，便于工作人员更直观地了解井下的工况，实施相应处理与控制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Energy industry is the vitals of our country’s economy development. In recent years, in company with petroleum resources shortage、petroleum prices grow rapidly. The importance and unsubstitutability of coal industry increase everyday. But Chinese coal industry safety in production refuse optimism, as serious casualty repeatedly appeared in the newspaper. Gas explosion occupy the most part of those accident. It is sure that many factors caused that, but each colliery enterprise’s lack of safety monitoring equipment、ladder of management lag are the one of substantial reasons.The dissertation adopt fireless burning gasses sensor that designed by Zhenjiang Zhongmei electronic company, developed a instrument that can detect the CH4 aerometry, as well as whether the consistency reach the alarm threshold, then send the data to the monitoring PC, use the powerful data analysis ability of PC and grey theory to forecast the CH4 aerometry. First of all, the dissertation expounds the development and actuality of CH4 instrumentation. Then introduce the design requirement of the instrumentation, because colliery’s underground working environment’s high humidity、has flammable and detonable gasses and smut, particularly with other location’s working environment, so the electric installation must conform blast protection requirement and must have grounding、overflowing、creepage protector. At third chapter, the dissertation elaborated the CH4 detection instrument’s hardware and software. The whole detection instrument’s hardcore is SCM AT89S52, according to the signal detected by the gas sensor to identify the ingredient of the air and the Use eight LED nixie tube to display the gas consistency of CH4. Use keyboard panel to input the external command; Adopt Data Flash AT24C02 produced by ATMEL to store the parameters and substantive data. Use eight LED nixie tube to display the gas consistency. Under the PC controlled mode, adopt RS—485 protocol to realize the data being sent to the serial port communication software. The serial port communication software means lot to the SCM, not only realized data transfer, but also realize the SCM be controlled by PC. The serial port communication software is the useful tool for the instrument calibration and communication between SCM and PC. Base on the serial port communication protocol, the using of software could monitoring the status of the gas detection instrument all the time, fetch stored data in the flash, and can show the real-time CH4 value, so the worker can know the environment’s status all the time.更多还原