从文言文教学看高中语文读本的功用

【作者】 刘甦梦；

【导师】 姜桂华；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 学科教学， 2006， 硕士

【摘要】 高中语文读本是语文教材改革的重要创获,我国在2000年发行了高中语文新教材,它包括语文教科书和与其相应的语文读本。并于2002年对两者进行修订,其核心思想是为了全面提高学生的语文素养。高中语文读本是在广大学生难以准确筛选课外学习内容的情况下适时推出的,它的问世是从无到有的崭新创造。高中语文读本作为语文新教材的重要组成部分,它强调与教科书的联系和对应,在文体、内容、作家等方面采取了对应安排,和教科书是姊妹篇,具有同等重要的地位和作用,在开拓学生阅读视野,培养学生人文精神等方面起着不可忽视的作用。高中语文读本在语文教学改革中发挥着重要的作用,是进行语文课程改革的载体之一,促进着教师教学思想和教学行为的转变,但多年传统的教学思想依然在很大程度上影响着许多教师,文言文教学也不例外。教师在教学过程中重视文言知识的试题训练,忽视文言文的精神熏陶,由于对文言文试题训练的重视,辑录着大量古代优秀篇章的语文读本往往被忽略、忽视,或完全放手予学生,使文言文课外阅读流于空谈。而随着语文课程改革的深入,对于高中语文文言文教学要求更注重学生在文言文的积累、感悟和运用中,提高欣赏品位和审美情趣。但是文言文由于其文字语言的特殊性,学生很难自己在课外进行筛选阅读,而缺乏必要阅读积累一味进行大量的文言文试题训练造成了文言文学习的机械、枯燥,学生即使面对的是脍炙人口的古代文章,也觉得兴味索然。也有一部分教师打着“人文性”旗号架空文言知识积累,追求一些脱离文本理解的空谈式感悟体验,未能有效地培养学生文言文学习热情和能力。针对这种情况,有必要结合文言文教学探讨高中语文读本在语文教学实际中的作用。本文综合运用了实践观察、访谈、文献分析等方法,对当前语文读本的使用、文言文教学现状进行研究和探讨,重点结合文言文教学探讨语文读本在教学中的功用。从自己的教学实践中可以看出:文言文阅读不同于现代文阅读,“读懂”是阅读的前提,但又不能止步于“读懂”。语文读本中辑录的优秀的文言文,是对教科书内容的拓展和深化,学生能够在语文读本的阅读中获得文言知识的迁移,提高文言文阅读能力,同时能汲取丰富的精神营养,提高自己的写作水平和精神境界,使文言文的实用功利价值与精神熏陶价值有机地统一,因此我认为“题海不如书海”。并且强调对于语文读本的阅读应与教科书密切结合,一定要在教师指导下有效完成,使语文读本这一教学资源切实发挥作用。与此同时,教师也能够在语文读本的使用中促使自己进行“教教材”向“用教材教”的教学行为的转变,身体力行地进行语文课程改革。更多还原

【Abstract】 Senior Chinese Reader is an important harvest of the reform of teaching materials. Our country issued a new high school language teaching materials in 2000, language textbooks and the corresponding Chinese Reader, both of which were revised in 2002. The core idea is to comprehensively improve their language knowledge. Chinese Reader occur timely when it’s hard for students to choose proper reading materials out of class. It is a completely new creation. As an important part of Senior Chinese it emphasizes on the linkages with corresponding textbook in style, content, and has taken a writer counterpart arrangements, and as a sister textbook it is compiled with equal importance and role. It plays an important role in broadening students’ reading view and developing their humanities. Senior Chinese Reader is one of the mediums for language curriculum reform, and play a significant role. It advances teacher’s teaching thoughts and teaching conduction.. But years of classical Chinese traditional thinking is still profoundly affecting many teachers and ancient Chinese teaching is no exception. Teachers focus on the training of test exercises instead of moral edification. As a result the Senior Chinese Reader is always overlooked, ignored, or even completely left to students, so ancient Chinese reading outside class becomes prate. With the progress of curriculum reform, more emphasis is placed on accumulation, sense and application to improve students ability of appreciation and taste. But because of the characteristics of ancient Chinese, it’s hard for students to select proper reading materials so that they turn to piles of test exercises instead of reading accumulation. Learning becomes plain and dull and even the most popular articles seem boring to students. On the other hand , some teachers overlook the accumulation of ancient Chinese in the name of "human nature" trying to pursue sensation without real understanding of the article. As a consequence, they fail to develop students’ passion for ancient Chinese and reading abilities. Considering this serious situation, it is necessary to probe into the role of Senior Chinese Reader played in the practice of Chinese teaching in the combination of ancient Chinese teaching.Integrated use of the practice of observation, interviews, documentation analysis methods, the use of the current language Reading, a research and study classical Chinese teaching, the focus on reading in classical Chinese language teaching function. From my own teaching practice can be seen : classical Chinese reading is different from the modern language reading, "understanding" is the prerequisite reading, but can not stop at the " understanding." Language Reading, the outstanding feature of classical Chinese is to expand and deepen the content of the textbook, students can read in the language readers gain knowledge of classical Chinese migration, and enhance ability to read classical Chinese, and to learn the rich spiritual nutrition, and enhance their writing level and the spiritual realm, to the practical utilitarian values and the spirit of classical Chinese arts value organically unified, and therefore I think " the sea of exercise isn’t as good as the sea of books" Second reading and language should be emphasized in close combination with textbooks, teachers must be guided effectively in the completion of language teaching resources and time to play this role. At the same time, teachers will also be able to use the time in their own language "teaching materials" to "use materials to teach" teaching behaviours that actually carried out the language curriculum reform.更多还原