【作者】 吴永娟；

【导师】 杨莉丽； 刘振法；

【作者基本信息】 河北师范大学 ， 无机化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国经济的快速增长,水资源短缺已成为制约我国经济发展的重要因素之一。我国工业用水量占全国总用水量的五分之一,但是工业用水重复利用率却远远低于发达国家的水平,其中工业循环冷却水是工业用水中的大户,因此开发研究新的水处理产品及工艺,提高工业循环冷却水的重复利用率,对于缓解和解决水资源短缺和水资源浪费的矛盾至关重要。本文合成了十六烷基二甲基（2一亚硫酸）乙基铵(C₂₀),采用耗氧量法、悬液定量杀菌法和最低抑菌浓度法,分别对C₂₀的生物降解性能和杀菌性能进行了测定,采用静态阻垢法和旋转挂片法对C₂₀与不同阻垢剂、缓蚀剂和杀菌剂的配伍性能进行了研究;利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对C₂₀及其复配药剂的阻垢机理进行了初步探讨。本文主要包括四部分内容:1.利用亚硫酸乙撑酯与叔胺直接反应合成了C₂₀,并对合成工艺进行了改进——利用碱石灰吸收合成中间体亚硫酸乙撑酯中残留的氯化氢和水,减少了C₂₀合成过程中副产物的形成;考察了反应时间和反应温度对合成产率的影响。2.对C₂₀的生物降解性、杀菌性能和缓蚀性能进行了测试,实验结果表明,C₂₀在28天的降解率达到85%,具有优良的生物降解性;对循环冷却水系统中常见微生物土壤菌、硫酸盐还原菌、铁细菌和异养菌具有良好的杀菌效果;当C₂₀浓度为40mg·L-1时,缓蚀率达到54.38%,因此C₂₀具有较好的缓蚀性能。3.对C₂₀的配伍性能的研究表明,C₂₀与常用阻垢缓蚀剂马来酸—丙烯酸、羟基亚乙基二膦酸和工业品SWT-303复配使用后具有较好的阻垢、缓蚀性能,并采用SEM对C₂₀的阻碳酸钙垢机理进行了初步探讨。4.由戊二醛、C₂₀复配得到的杀菌剂CGL对异养菌具有优良的杀菌作用,且可生物降解,是一种环境友好型杀菌剂;由C₂₀、戊二醛和二乙烯三胺五亚甲基膦酸复配得到的水处理剂CCD具有较好的阻垢、缓蚀效果;由SEM研究结果初步推测,晶胞尺寸减小可能是CCD对碳酸钙垢具有良好分散作用的原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Along with the fast growth of the economy of our country, the shortage of water resources has become one of the important factors that restrict the development of economy. About one fifth of the total consumption amount of water in our country is industrial water and its rate of re-utilization is far lower than that of developed countries. The circulating cooling water is the biggest consumer of industrial water. Therefore, it is very important for the research and development of new water treatment agents and processes to improve the rate of re-utilization of industrial circulating cooling water and to resolve the contradiction between the shortage and waste of water resources.Hexadecylldimethyl （2–sulphite）ethyl ammonium(C₂₀) was synthesized and its biodegradability and ability of sterilization were analyzed by oxygen consumption, suspension quantitative and minimal inhibitory concentration methods respectively in this paper. The compatibilities of C₂₀ with the different scale inhibitor, corrosion inhibitor and germicide were investigated with static scale inhibition and rotary hanging piece methods. The scale inhibition mechanisms of C₂₀ and its compounding agents were also preliminarily studied using Scanning Electron Microscope（SEM）.The main contents of this thesis are as follows:1. The C₂₀ was synthesized by the reaction of ethylene sulfite and hexadecylldimethyl ammonium. The synthetic process was improved with the absorption of HCl and H2O remained in the synthetic intermediator using the soda lime and the by-product during the synthesis of C₂₀ was decreased. The effects of reaction time and temperature on the yield of C₂₀ were studied.2. The abilities of biodegradation, sterilization and corrosion inhibition of C₂₀ were investigated. The results show that C₂₀ has good biodegradability and the rate of biodegradation is 85% in 28 days. Good sterilizing effect of C₂₀ was found to the normal microbion including soil bacteria, sulphate-reducing bacteria, iron bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria in the circulating cooling water system. The rate of corrosion inhibition is 54.38% when the concentration of C₂₀ is 40 mg·L-1 and it shows good ability of corrosion inhibition.3. The ability of compatibility of C₂₀ was investigated. The result shows that C₂₀ mixing with copolymer of maleic and acrylic acid , 1-hydroxy ethylidene-1,1-diphosphonic acid and industrial product SWT-303 respectively, has good scale inhibition and corrosion inhibition abilities. The scale inhibition mechanism of C₂₀ was preliminarily discussed using SEM.4. The excellent sterilizing ability of germicide CGL mixed by C₂₀ and glutaraldehyde was observed and CGL is an environment-friendly germicide for its good biodegradability. The good scale and corrosion inhibition behaviors of CCD obtained by mixing of C₂₀, glutaraldehyde and diethylene triamine penta （methylene phosphonic acid） were found. According to the results of SEM, maybe the reduction of crystallite is the main reason for the good dispersion behavior of CCD to the scale of calcium carbonate.更多还原