【作者】 刘华；

【导师】 刘平； 王春武；

【作者基本信息】 扬州大学 ， 结构工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 近年兴起的短肢剪力墙结构是一种比普通剪力墙结构自重轻、保温好、平面布置灵活、建筑功能良好的高层住宅结构体系,其发展势头强劲,抗震性能受到大家关注。相关的震害及抗震试验分析表明,短肢剪力墙的抗震受力部位主要是连梁端部节点区域,在强烈地震(中震或大震)下形成“梁铰耗能机制”,由连梁与墙肢的塑性变形来耗散地震能量,结构将产生严重的地震损伤,结构震后的修复困难,修复费用高昂。装配式预制预应力混凝土结构除了有预制拼装结构体系的施工速度快、工期短、环境污染小、质量有保证、耐久性能高等优点外,还有以下突出的优势:1)易于实现事先设定的耗能机制;2)便于震灾后的损伤评估;3)恢复性能好,残余变形小,易于修复。为使短肢剪力墙结构在地震中损伤得到有效控制,本文在广泛阅读国内外文献的基础之上,尝试将预制预应力技术引入到短肢剪力墙结构中,制作了两片装配式的预制预应力短肢剪力墙,通过低周反复荷载试验来研究这种新结构形式的抗震性能。本文完成的主要内容如下:(1)探讨了预制预应力技术在短肢剪力墙结构体系中的应用,制作了新型的全装配式预制预应力短肢剪力墙;(2)在分析国内外众多装配形式的基础上,提出了符合短肢剪力墙的节点形式,并探讨了预应力筋的布置方式;(3)通过低周反复荷载试验,对结构的破坏形式、滞回性质、位移延性、耗能能力、骨架曲线、承载力及刚度退化等进行了研究;(4)研究了试验过程中无粘结预应力筋的应力变化情况,总结了应力变化的规律;(5)探讨了连梁梁端的抗弯承载力和抗裂弯矩的计算,分别给出了验算公式。并对接缝处砂浆的压力摩擦作用进行了分析计算。试验研究结果表明,装配式预制预应力短肢剪力墙可以实现事先设定的耗能机制,且主要构件损伤较小。由于施加了预应力,结构具有良好的恢复性能,残余变形小,便于震灾后的加固和维修。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recent years the short pier shear wall has been one kind of new structure systems, in which own weight is lighter, the ability to keep warm is better, the plane layout is more flexible, the construction function is excellent, compared with the ordinary shear wall structure. It develops rapidly, and its seismic performance has attracted the attention of the structure engineers and researchers. Some related earthquake damages and shock tests have indicated that the primary earthquake-resistance positions of the short pier shear walls are the panel joints of the tie beams. Under the strong (medium and major) earthquake, the structures form the“beam end plastic hinge failure mechanism”, and its energy dissipation is assumed by the plastic deformation of the shear walls and tie beams. The damages of the structures are serious, so the retrofitting of the structures is difficult and expensive.Precast concrete structures using post-tensioned prestressing tendons have advantages of precast systems ,such as high construction speed ,low pollution ,assurance of quality and durability, etc. Furthermore, it also has following merits of its own First, it’s helpful to realize the energy dissipation mechanism set beforehand. Second, the damage of structure induced by earthquake is easy to estimate. Third, it has high self-centering capacity and small residual displacement after earthquake, and can be repaired conveniently.In order to effectively control the damage of the short pier shear wall, fist time the precast and post-tensioned technology is introduced into the short pier shear wall based on reading the documents home and abroad. Two precast prestressed short pier shear walls are made, and their seismic performance is studied under cyclic loading.The main contents of this paper can be concluded as following:(1) The application of precast and prestressing used in short pier shear wall is probed. New-style precast short pier shear wall using post-tensioned prestressing tendons are made.(2)The form of panel joint applicable to the short pier shear wall and the collocation method of post-tensioned prestressing tendons are studied.(3)Based on the low-cyclic reversed loading test, the failure mechanism, hysteretic property, displacement ductility, energy dissipation capacity, skeleton curve as well as bearing capacity and stiffness degeneration of the structure is analyzed.(4)The stress behavior of unbonded post-tensioned prestressing tendons is measured during the experiment and its varying discipline is summarized.(5)The computing formula of bend and crack resistance capability are deduced, and the press frication action of the gap is analyzed.The research shows that the precast prestressed short pier shear wall using post-tensioned prestressing tendons can realize the energy dissipation mechanism set beforehand with fewer damages. Due to prestress exerted, the structure possesses satisfying self-centering capability ,can be retrofitted and fixed up expediently after earthquake.更多还原