【作者】 陈传生；

【导师】 闵联营；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着现代计算机技术的飞速发展和互联网技术的广泛应用，人类社会从PC时代过渡到了以个人数字助理、个人电脑和信息家电为代表的3C(计算机、通信、消费电子)一体的后PC时代。在后PC时代里，嵌入式系统扮演着越来越重要的角色，被广泛应用于信息电器、移动计算机设备、网络设备和数控仿真等领域。嵌入式系统的开发必将成为未来IT行业的技术热点。嵌入式操作系统μClinux是专门为没有存储器管理部件的微处理器而设计的，μClinux由于其代码的开放性、系统的稳定性、强大的网络功能以及优秀的文件系统支持，在嵌入式设备中得到了广泛的应用。本文从μClinux的基本架构出发，对μClinux操作系统作了深入的探讨，分析了μClinux的C运行库、进程管理、内存管理、文件系统，最后介绍了其在嵌入式方面应用的有关知识，重点分析了其在进程管理方面的实现原理及方法。本论文以μClinux操作系统内核2.6.X版本为基础，对其各部分源代码做了深入研究。全文共分为七个章节：第一章主要确立课题的研究内容，并对μClinux操作系统的基本知识作了分析与引入；第二章重点介绍了μClinux操作系统的基本架构、启动过程以及其运行时间库μClibc，从总体上把握μClinux；第三章详细介绍了μClinux进程管理有关的知识，重点分析了μClinux的进程有关各数据项，通过有关函数调用的分析对进程的创建、状态转换及终止作了深入研究，然后分析了μClinux进程调度器以及进程同步的相关部分，并对2.6版本与2.4版本的进程管理做了对比研究；第四章介绍了μClinux内存管理，针对没有MMU的特点，对μClinux内存管理的实现过程做了详细分析，章节的最后对μClinux与标准Linux的内存管理作了对比研究；第五章针对μClinux操作系统在嵌入式领域应用的特点，对嵌入式系统中常用的文件系统作了分析和介绍，尤其根据VFS文件系统的源代码重点剖析了VFS文件系统的实现原理和方法；第六章对μClinux在嵌入式领域的应用相关知识作了介绍，并重点对μClinux的移植过程做了分析；第七章对本论文做了总结和展望，指出了μClinux的发展前景和μClinux对于国内软件业的发展的重大际遇。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of technology in computer and the application of Internet, we are going into the post-PC age after experiencing the PC age , in which PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), PC and IA (Information Appliance) are the leader in the field of 3C (Computer, Communication and Consume). In the age of post-PC, embedded system plays a more and more important role and is widely applied to information appliance, mobile device, network device and numerical control emulator, etc.. It’s sure that the development of embedded system will be the focus of IT in the future.μClinux, the embedded system, is designed for the microprocessor without MMU technically.μClinux follows the GPL (General Public License ) and its source codes is free. for the reason of its well stability, strong supporting network and file system,μClinux is applied widely in the embedded devices.From the basic architecture ofμClinux on, this paper analyzes theμClinux operating system in detail, and its contents include C runtime libraryμClibc, process scheduling, memory management, file system and others related to application of embedded system, and among them the process scheduling is the most important. The analysis is based on the source codes of the version 2.6.X ofμClinux. The paper is composed of seven chapters.Chapter one tells the main content of this paper and introduces the ABC about the embedded operating systemμClinux. Chapter two introduces theμClinux basic architecture, the steps of booting andμClibc, and gives an outline of the embedded systemμClinux. Chapter three introduces the knowledge about process scheduling, specially the related fields of a process and analyzes the process about creation, transition and death in detail and in the end of this chapter, compares the process scheduling between the version 2.6 and version 2.4. Chapter four introduces the memory management under having no MMU, analyzes the implementation of memory management ofμClinux and finally compares the memory management between standard Linux andμClinux. Chapter five introduces the common file systems based on the application of embedded system and analyzes the principle of VFS through its the source codes. Chapter six introduces the knowledge about development of embedded system and analyzes the porting ofμClinux speciallyo Chapter seven is regarded as a summary of the full thesis, telling the blueprint ofμClinux and indicatingμClinux is the opportunity of software in China.更多还原