【作者】 高萍；

【导师】 祖静；

【作者基本信息】 中北大学 ， 测试计量技术及仪器， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文论述了国内外传感器校准技术的现状,针对高量程压力传感器高动压下动态灵敏度的测定问题,高压传感器动态特性溯源性校准的问题,提出了准δ校准的理论和技术。开展本课题的研究可以实现由国家计量院的静态量基准向动态量的传递,为国防动态测试提供准确、可靠的动态基准。文中分析了准δ信号的特点和准δ校准的优越性,从应力波的角度详细说明了准δ信号发生器的理论,准δ信号脉宽的影响因素,Hopkinson杆参数和油腔尺寸的设计。论文中对校准系统的各个组成部分进行了详细的说明。研究过程中对Kistler6215Q02传感器进行了多次校准实验,并在实验的基础上,分析和改进了校准装置。处理了实测数据并进一步作了校准过程的仿真。利用准δ脉冲从零频至某宽度频率特性平直,将传感器在零频溯源,在应用的频段内频率特性足够平直,最终实现传感器动态特性的溯源性校准。本课题的主要创新点有:(1)首次使用Hopkinson杆产生准δ信号作为激励来进行传感器动态校准。准δ信号脉宽越窄,激励信号频谱平直段越长,可以激起传感器的多种频率分量的响应。(2)选用一种波损小的液体(甘油),对它预加初始高压,使传感器受到高静压,然后再激励传感器进行校准。这样可以在不破坏传感器压电元件的基础上提高校准压力值。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper has discussed the current sensor calibration technologies around the world, and presented quasi-δcalibration theory and technique for resolving high-range transducer dynamic sensitivity test problem in high-pressure transducer dynamic characters tracing to source calibration problems. This research can realize dynamic parameters transfer from static parameter norm to dynamic parameter that is from National Measurement Center, which can supply accurate and reliable dynamic reference for national defence dynamic test.Analyzed the trait of the quasi-δsignal and the advantages of quasi-δcalibration, it expressed detailedly the theory about the quasi-δsignal generator, the factors that would affect the impulse width of the quasi-δsignal, and the design of the Hopkinson bar parameters and the size of the oil cavity. The paper has explained every part of the calibration system.It discussed the calibration experiments of the Kistler6215Q02 sensor, analyzed and improved the calibration device based on the experiments, analyzed the experiment data and simulated the calibration process. It also calibrated the sensor which realized the tracing around the 0 Hz with the quasi-δimpulse straight character from 0 Hz to some frequency and applied it to the sensor dynamic character calibration.The innovation here is: (1) dynamic calibrated the sensor with the quasi-δsignal generated from Hopkinson bar for the first time; The narrower the impulse width of the quasi-δsignal, the wider the straight part of the impulse signal spectrum, and it would get more kinds of frequencies response;(2) used a liquid ( glycerin) whose wave loss is little. Give it some pre-pressure, and the sensor would get high static pressure, which can increase the calibration pressure value without damage the piezoelectric components of the sensor.更多还原