【作者】 李东生；

【导师】 王召巴；

【作者基本信息】 中北大学 ， 信号与信息处理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 绝热材料广泛应用于航天、弹箭发动机、推进剂生产等领域，用氧乙炔法进行烧蚀试验，测量绝热材料的线烧蚀率、质量烧蚀率、绝热指数、透烧率等参数是进行质量检测的基本手段，也是进行科研优化筛选和生产质量控制不可替代的方法。氧乙炔烧蚀试验机作为检测的基本设备，它的热源是点燃的氧乙炔混合气体，由于氧乙炔火焰温度和热流密度与烧蚀测试结果间存在着极其密切的关系，因而准确和实时测量火焰温度和热流密度显得尤为重要。因此，本文提出了基于CCD和图像处理技术相结合的火焰温度测量系统，通过火焰温度可以得到热流密度，为氧乙炔火焰热流密度测量提供了新的方法。首先，本文根据YS-2型氧乙炔烧蚀实验机不同截面的火焰温度及热流密度测量的要求，分析了氧乙炔烧蚀热流密度检测技术现状和存在的问题，提出了非接触式热流密度测量方法。其次，利用热电偶、氧乙炔烧蚀机、三维平移台、CCD摄像机、计算机等搭建一套火焰温度测量系统，建立了温度测量的数学模型，分析了测量系统误差，并针对该系统提出了火焰温度辐射测量方法．用热电偶测量氧乙炔火焰固定区域的温度，同时CCD拍摄火焰图像，通过双比色法、双比色改进算法、三比色法分别计算所拍摄火焰图像的固定区域的温度，并与热电偶测量的火焰固定区域的温度进行比较，分析误差大小，选择最优的火焰温度计算处理方法。最后，采用最优计算处理方法得到火焰的温度伪彩色图和等温线图，通过火焰温度得出相对喷嘴不同位置的热流密度，实验结果表明，此处理方法对氧乙炔火焰温度及热流密度测量是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The heat-insulation material is abroad adapted for the field in spaceflight, ballistic missile of engine, production of pusher etc. Measuring the parameter of line erosion rate, quality erosion rate, adiabatic index, erosion rate etc of those heat-insulation material by the oxyacetylene ablation experiment sever as the essential method to detect quality and the method is impossible to substituted in scientific research optimizing filter and production quality control. The testing device of oxyacetylene ablation is the basic equipment as measuring the heat-insulation material. Its resource of heat is the burning mixture of oxyacetylene. The oxyacetylene flame temperature is closely connected with heat flux density. It is important to measure the flame temperature and heat flux density precisely and real-timely. Therefore, this paper presents a measurement system of the flame temperature based on CCD and image processing technology. The heat flux density is obtained by the flame temperature. It is a new method for measuring the oxyacetylene of the heat flux density.Firstly, based on the demand of measuring the flame temperature and the heat flux density of different section in the YS-2 testing device of oxyacetylene ablation This paper analyzes the status and the subsistent problem on the measurement technology of oxyacetylene of the heat flux density, presents a non-touchable measurement method of the heat flux density.Secondly, this paper founds a system for measuring temperature which uses a thermocouple, a device of oxyacetylene ablation, a three-dimensional moving platform, a CCD camera, a computer etc. After founding the mathematics model of the temperature measurement and analyzing the measurement system error, this paper presents a radiating measurement means for the flame temperature. The temperature of the fixed area of the flame is measured by thermocouple and the flame image is recorded by CCD camera. The temperature of fixed area in the flame is measured using thermocouple and the flame image is recorded by CCD camera at the same time. The temperature of fixed area in the flame which is separately computed and treated with by double colorimetric temperature-measurement methods, its improved measurement and three colorimetric temperature-measurement methods is compared with the temperature of fixed area of the flame which is measured by thermocouple. After analyzing measured error, the most excellent methods of computing and treating with the flame temperature is selected.Finally, the false colored image and isothermal image using the most excellent methods is gained. The heat flux density is obtained by the flame temperature in the different position opposite the muzzle. The result of experiment indicated the feasibility of the method for measuring the oxyacetylene flame temperature and heat flux density.更多还原