【作者】 温守信；

【导师】 雷自强；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 应用化学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文由以下三章组成:第一章:文献综述首先综述了有机/无机纳米复合材料的研究进展,对文献报道最为常见的聚合物纳米复合材料的制备方法:插层复合法、溶胶凝胶法、共混法、原位聚合法等进行了逐一分析。总结这些方法中存在的主要问题:(1)有机/物机不相容性造成两相界面存在剪应力。(2)复合材料中的无机物普遍存在自身团聚现象。造成材料的某些性能恶化。其次综述了原子转移自由基聚合的研究进展,详细阐述了活性聚合的方法、ATRP的反应机理和特点、ATRP聚合反应体系的组成以及ATRP在无机物表面改性方面的应用。第二章坡缕石基质上的可控聚合及其杂化材料的吸附脱色首次通过在坡缕石表面引入过氧基团,以其为引发剂对甲基丙烯酸甲酯和苯乙烯进行了反向ATRP,制备了聚合物链结构、链段、分子量及分子量分布均可控的聚合物/坡缕石纳米杂化材料。通过GPC分析,该纳米材料聚合物接枝层的分子量可控,分子量与单体转化率呈线性关系,ln([M]0/[M])与反应时间成正比,两者成线性关系。并考察了其在有机相中相容性,分散性及脱色性能。结果表明有机化纳米坡缕石在有机相当中相容性明显增强,是潜在吸附材料。第三章原位聚合法制备醋酸乙烯酯/坡缕石复合阻燃材料通过原位聚合法制备了醋酸乙烯酯/坡缕石复合阻燃材料,以坡缕石,三聚氰胺为复配阻燃剂,醋酸乙烯酯为单体,过硫酸钾为引发剂,在水相中通过原位聚合法制备了醋酸乙烯酯/坡缕石复合阻燃材料。通过氧指数,垂直燃烧测试,该复合材料具有良好的阻燃性能,属于难燃材料。并通过SEM,TG等手段分析研究了坡缕石在聚合物基中的分散性,热稳定性。结果表明坡缕石在聚合物中达到均匀分散,热稳定性明显提高。更多还原

【Abstract】 The thesis consists of three parts as follows:PartⅠ:ReviewsThis part reviewed the development of polymer/inorganic nanocomposites. Several preparation methods of organic-inorganic hybrid materials,including methods of sol-gel,intercalation,blend and in-situ polymerization are reviewed in detail.The development of Living Polymerization and ATRP were also reviewed in this part. Especially,the methods of living polymerization,mechanism and the development trend of ATRP,composition of ATRP and its application in the preparation of functional materials have been expatiated.PartⅡ:Preparation and decoloration property of a polymer-grafted palygorskite nanoparticlesThe first report of structurally well-defined,polymer-grafted hybrid nanocomposite prepared by introducing the surface of ultrafine palygorskite with peroxide groups for reverse ATRP was presented.As assessed by GPC analysis,the molecular weight of the grafted polymer increases linearly with the increase of conversion.The linear relationship between In（[M₀]/[M]）and time can be observed. We find that the dispersibility of palygorskite is significantly improved by grafting polymers onto the surface of palygorskite particles.The decoloration capacity of polymer -palygorskite is obviously improved from virgin palygorskite in organic solvents.PartⅢ:Preparation of polyvinyl aeetate/palygorskite flame retardant materiel by In-situ PolymerizationA new flame retardant material was prepared from palygorskite,melamine and polyvinyl acetate/palygorskite which was obtained by In-situ Polymerization. According to LOI and UL-94 studies,polyvinyl acetate /palygorskite composite belongs to excellent flame retardant material.The dispersibility of palygorskite was observed and analyzed using TEM.We find the dispersibility of palygorskite in polyvinyl acetate is significantly improved by In-situ Polymerization than blend.The thermal stability of composite and polyvinyl acetate were observed by TG The result shown that the thermal stability of composite is significantly improved than polyvinyl acetate.更多还原