【作者】 马晓梅；

【导师】 尹林克；

【作者基本信息】 新疆农业大学 ， 生态学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 通过对塔里木河中下游的铁干里克、库木吐格、英苏和阿拉干四个样地中的9种植物:乔木杨柳科杨属的胡杨(Populus euphratica),灌木柽柳科柽柳属的柽柳(Tamarix sp.)、茄科枸杞属的苏枸杞(Lycium ruthenicum),多年生草本豆科骆驼刺属的疏叶骆驼刺(Alhagi sparsifolia)、豆科甘草属的甘草(Glycyrriza inflata)、菊科花花柴属的花花柴(Karelinia Less.)、夹竹桃科大叶白麻属的大叶白麻(Poacynum hendersonii)、禾本科芦苇属的芦苇(Phragmites communis),一年生草本菊科河西苣属鹿角草(Glossogyne tenuifolia)为研究对象,采集各种植物不同深度的根系进行根际微生物的分离、培养和统计分析。研究结果表明:塔里木荒漠河岸林主要建群植物的根际三大类群微生物的数量的大小顺序为:细菌>放线菌>真菌。真菌和放线菌的数量明显高于其他地区和植物的真菌和放线菌数量。其中细菌和真菌数量最大的植物是甘草,放线菌数量最大植物是芦苇。2种主要荒漠河岸林植物胡杨和柽柳的根际微生物数量的分布情况为:胡杨和柽柳的根际微生物数量的垂直分布在春季和秋季时,微生物数量在不同的土层深度有着不同的分布特征。9种植物的根际效应均比其他地区植物的根际效应明显。从不同树龄的柽柳的根际微生物的数量可得出:柽柳的根际微生物的数量并没有表现出随年龄的增加而增加的变化趋势,其放线菌的数量的大小顺序为:幼苗>成株。这些研究结果对于认识人工干扰促进植被恢复过程中的群落波动响应过程以及土壤变化过程有重要参考价值,并为塔河中下游地区植被修复和重建过程中提供了有效的依据指标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Study 9 species of plant in four region that is Tieganlike, kumutuge, Yingsu and Alagan in Tarim River, as followings: Populus euphratica, Tamarix sp, Lycium ruthenicum, Alhagi sparsifolia, Glycyrriza inflate, Karelinia Less., Poacynum hendersonii, Phragmites communis and Glossogyne tenuifolia, through collecting the root system of the various different plant, separating and cultivating the rhizosphere microorganism, and statistic the number of the rhizosphere microorganism. The result studying is indicated show:The quantity size of three major kinds of rhizosphere microorganism about Tarim barren desert river bank forest mainly being in proper order: Bacteria> actinomyces> fungi. The quantity of fungus and actinomyces are larger than the other areas and plants. The maximum of bacteria and fungi is belong to Glycyrriza inflate. But the maximum of actinimyce is belong to Phragmites communis.During the periods of spring and autumn, the quantity perpendicularity of rhizosphere microorganisms of the forest plants which are Populus euphratica and Tamarix sp. has the different distribution characteristics in different soil layer depth.The plant’s age is possessed of effect on the quantity of rhizosphere microorganisms, the quantity of the Tamarix sp. rhizosphere microorganisms do not show increasing by growing. The actinomyces’s quantity size is in proper order: young seedling> fully grown plant.9 species of plant’s rhizosphere is obvious than other areas and plants.The value of these results is important for promoting vegetation recovery and soil changes process which are interfering by the manpower’s disturbance, and have provided the effective basis index in restoring and rebuilding process about the lower reaches area vegetation in Tarim River.更多还原