【作者】 王慧；

【导师】 郑国华；

【作者基本信息】 福建农林大学 ， 果树学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 霜冻在我国发生区域广，危害的植物种类多，是一种严重的农业气象灾害。本文以南方主栽树种枇杷为研究对象，采用定期定量分离的方法，检测INA细菌在枇杷果实形成过程中的数量分布，并研究同一生长环境下不同枇杷品种之间INA细菌消长动态变化，以及不同果园环境下(对应温度、降雨量、结露、紫外线照射强度、海拔高度和微生物种类等不同因素)，对INA细菌消长动态变化的影响及其互动互作关系，以期查明INA细菌在枇杷上的消长动态规律。主要结果如下：1、查明了福建枇杷树上INA细菌种类从福建地区枇杷树上分离到24株INA细菌，经细菌学鉴定，初步确定为凤梨欧文氏菌。2、初步明确了枇杷树上INA细菌消长动态规律大量调查研究结果表明，INA细菌分布广泛。在枇杷花期就已经有INA细菌的存在，并且INA细菌在枇杷不同部位上的分布存在差异，差异明显：不同品种间也存在差异，差异不明显。采用定性定量和定期取样分离方法，对福建莆田地区早钟6号进行了INA细菌消长动态规律研究，结果表明，INA细菌密度在田间枇杷树上有2个高峰期：花序分化期(9月中旬至11月初)，果实膨大期(12月初至3月中旬)：其他季节(炎热的夏季)数量少，甚至难以分离到。INA细菌分布数量与枇杷品种、地理位置及生态条件有关，在幼果上易分离到INA细菌，其最高密度为1.13×10~7cfu／g鲜重，表明在幼果期INA细菌分布数量多，易遭受霜冻危害，故为除INA细菌防御霜冻提供了科学依据。3、验证了INA细菌能够诱发和加重枇杷幼果冻害人工气候室及田间试验结果都表明，接种处理的枇杷幼果冻害严重度比同一温度下未接种INA细菌的高，加重了枇杷幼果霜冻，再次证明INA细菌是诱发和加重枇杷幼果霜冻害的重要因素。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this paper, the species, distribution and dynamic of INA on loquat were reported as well as the screening of bactericides for forest control in Fujian District. These results were illustrated as follows:First, the species of INA bacteria on loquat in Fujian were identified.Twenty-four strains of INA bacteria were isolated from loquat. Based on bacteriological methods, they were identified belonging to one genera: E.ananas.Second, their distribution and dynamic of INA bacteria was demonstrated primarily.By investigation, INA bacteria could be isolated from most of loquat, showing INA bacteria were widespread in loquat. The distribution of INA bacteria varied in loquat cultivar, geographic position and ecological conditions. They were easily isolated and had a maximum populations 1.13×10~7CFU/g.f.w.In Putian zone, INA bacteria population on "Zaozhong", was checked periodically. The results revealed two peaks of population during flowering stage and fruiting stage. On the contrary. INA bacteria could not be isolated easily during hot summer. It was the first reported that populations of INA bacteria varied in seasons.Third, it was testified that INA bacteria could induce and aggravate frost injury on loquat.The frost index of loquat after application of INA bacteria was higher than that of loquat treated with distilled water in programmable frost chamber; Similar examples happened in field. All the results illustrated that INA bacteria could induce and aggravate frost injury on loquat.更多还原