【作者】 李榜江；

【导师】 曹国璠；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 作物栽培学与耕作学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 采用三因素三水平随机区组设计，运用田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法，开展了马铃薯与芸豆间作的规范化栽培技术试验研究，旨在探明贵州中海拔地区马铃薯间作芸豆的最佳栽培模式，从而达到节本增效的目的，并筛选出可供实际生产中选择的优化组合方案。试验结果表明：1．不同间作模式（A）下马铃薯产量依次为：A₃＞A₁＞A₂，以马铃薯芸豆2：2间作时马铃薯的产量最高，为16.02kg／12m²，比A₁、A₂处理增收4.26kg，5.44kg，增产了26.6％和34.0％。2．试验各处理芸豆的产量水平存在较大的差异，试验所设的27个处理中，就平均产量的位次来看，A₃B₂C₃平均产量排列第一，为1.55kg／12m²：其中A₁B₂C₂组合，仅有0.87kg／12m²，在所有的组合中产量水平最低。3．通过对马铃薯产量构成因素的通径分析，结果表明，地上部鲜重对产量的影响主要是直接作用，间接作用的影响非常小，从而得出各因子对小区产量的直接作用大小为：平均分枝数＞最粗节间直径＞地上部鲜重＞株高。4．通过对芸豆产量的构成因素的通径分析，结果表明：引入的5个农艺性状对芸豆产量的影响程度为：百粒重＞单株有效荚果数＞荚果长＞单株生物产量＞株高。5．不同间作模式对马铃薯可溶性糖的含量有一定的影响，三种间作模式现蕾期时含量没有显著的差异，随着生育期的继续，含量差异越来越明显，在现蕾期三种间作模式的可溶性糖含量为：1：2＞2：2＞2：1，盛花期至成熟期为：2：2＞2：1＞1：2。三种间作模式中马铃薯不同生育时期块茎中的还原糖含量的变化趋势基本一致，始终为：2：2＞2：1＞1：2。6．在马铃薯与芸豆的间作体系中，马铃薯与芸豆以2：2间作时，复合产值最高，以复合产值为选择目标，最佳的栽培组合为：A₃B₂C₃，即两行马铃薯间作两行芸豆，配合以马铃薯株距25cm和芸豆株距40cm。更多还原

【Abstract】 Three factors and three levels randomized block design was used in this experiment, the method of combing field test and inside analysis was used in studying on the standardized cultivation technology of potato intercropping with kidney bean. The optimal planting pattern of potato intercropping with kidney bean at the middle -altitude area of Guizhou Province was researched to save the cost and increase the efficiency, and acquire the optimal planting pattern that can be applied in practical production. The results are as following:1. The yield of potato under different intercropping pattern （A） is A₃>A₁> A₂> The yield of potato cultivated by the intercropping pattern（A₃） is the highest in the test, it was 16.02kg/12m² , it was increased 4.26kg and 5.44kg compared with A₁ and A₂, and by 26.6% and 34.0%.2. The yield of kidney bean has big difference among the treatments, according to the yield order, the average yield of A₃B₂C₃ was the highest among 27 treatments, it was 1.55kg/12m²; the yield of A₁B₂C₂ was only 0.87kg/12m², it was the lowest yield in the test.3. According to the analyswas about the output-composing factors of kidney bean, the result indicates that the sequence of the influence of the five introduced agriculture characters was: the whole weight of 100 kidney beans> the amount of the effective pod of one plant> the length of the pod> the whole weight of one plant> the height of the plant.4. According to the analyswas about the output-composing factors of kidney bean, the result indicates that the sequence of the influence of the five introduced agriculture characters was: the whole weight of 100 kidney beans> the amount of the effective pod of one plant> the length of the pod> the whole weight of one plant> the height of the plant.5. The content of votive sugar of potato was impacted by different intercrop-pattern to some extent, the content of votive sugar has no significant difference among the three kinds of planting pattern in squaring stage, the difference of the content of votive sugar become more and more obvious as the process of growing time, the sequence of the content of votive sugar in squaring stage was: 1:2>2:2>2:1, the sequence of the content of votive sugar from vigorous flowering stage to autumn was 2:2>2:1>1:2.6. In the planting pattern of potato intercropping kidney bean, the compound-yield receives its best yield when potato and kidney bean are intercropped in the pattern of 2:2, the optimal planting pattern was supposed to be the A3B2C3 when compound-yield was considered to be the choice aim, that was to say , just when two rows of potato are intercropped with two rows of kidney bean, with the plant spacing of potato at 25 cm and plant spacing of kidney bean at 40 cm.更多还原