【作者】 田景富；

【导师】 刘宏；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 岩土工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国西部大开发战略实施，国家加快了机场，尤其是山区机场的建设。目前，我国山区机场建设的一般特点是场道级别高，建设时间短，计划内投资少，但场地地形、地貌、地质条件复杂，深挖高填，土方工程量大。山区机场建设的主体是场道的地基工程。康定机场位于青藏高原东缘、北西向展部的折多山的南西麓，控制标高4232.5m，是仅次于西藏邦达的世界第二高机场。最大填方高度46.6m，土石挖填方量超过2800万m³。折多山由一花岗岩基组成，两侧被宽4～5km的巨型第四系坡积裙包围，康定机场位于其南西侧坡积裙上。场区全部位于海螺沟(Q_<sup>agl+O₃^agl)和南关门(Q₃^lgl)冰期的冰碛土上。堆积物基本上由块石、碎石、角砾和砂土等混杂组成，粒度不均一，分选性差，无层理。本文基于前人的初勘、详勘基础地质资料和现场试验，开展了高填方地基处理检测试验、冰碛土填料压缩蠕变试验、高填方地基沉降变形监测及数值模拟分析。获得以下几方面的结论：（1）冰碛土一般为碎石类土，分布不均匀，层位变化大，为典型的不均匀地基，但总体上干密度大，密实度较高，具有低渗透性，高承载力、低变形等工程特性，为良好的天然地基。（2）对比分析了强夯压实冰碛土填筑体的优越性，并对其处理的方法、步骤、参数及处理后地基检测项目、检测方法进行了研究，对优化设计和指导施工，具有重要意义。（3）分析和总结了高填方地基变形监测的方法、项目，确定监测方案，并对监测数据处理，应用公式法、二维数值模拟方法，分析高填方地基变形的一般规律。（4）将灰色理论运用到沉降预测中，建立了GM（1，1）模型、灰色Verhulst模型及BP神经网络，对沉降进行预测。预测结果与实测结果较吻合，具有较高精度。BP模型预测效果相对较好。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the great development of West China, the airport construction is becoming in our country, especially in mountainous southwest of China. Presently airport construction in these areas of our country is characterized by complicated terrain, geomorphic and geological condition, deep cut and fill, large amounts of earthwork, high level, short time and small planned investment. Its main body is ground engineering of the runway.Kangding airport, to be constructed at an elevation of 4232.5 meter above the sea level, is located on the southwest foot of Zheduo mountain stretching from south—east to north—west on eastem Tibean Plateau. It will be the second highest airport in the world after Bangda airport （4,400m） located on Tibet. The maximum height of the embankment is 46.6 m. The total quantity of the excavated and filled earth—rock material is above 28,000,000 m³. The Zheduo mountain consists of a granite batholith surrounded by vest quate mary bajada with a width of 4 to 5 kilometer. The airport is situated on the south—western part of the bajada.The whole engineering sites are located on the moraine soil during the ice age of cuttlebone canal (Q3^agl+Q3^agl) and Nanguanmen (Q3^lgl). Besides boulders, gravels and sands, special boulders exist in the debris, which is characterized by inhomogeneous grain size, out—of—order intermixture, difficult size classification and unstratified feature.In this dissertation, based on the predecessors’ research for the basic geological conditions in the preliminary and detailed investigation, and field tests of the engineering, ground treatment detection tests, moraine soil filling material compressional creep tests, in—situ monitoring and numerical simulations for the settlement and deformation of the high embankment of Kangding airport are carried out. Some work and creative conclusions are put out as follow.1 Moraine soil is typical non—homogeneous foundation, which is characterized by block and crushed stone soil, distributing non—unniformly and anfractuous layers. However, as a whole, it can be recognized as fine natural foundation because its engineering properties such as big dry density, high compactness, hyposmosis, strong bearing capacity and small deformation etc.2 Based on large field test, general requirements and filling methods are determined, superiority of filling body with packed block and moraine soil is analyzed.The result will be very useful for optimum desige and construction.3 Researched on the monitoring items such as monitoring methods, monitoring programme and analyzed the deformation regularity of high embankment after datas handling by formula calculations and two—dimention numerical simulation.4 Using the grey theory to solve the problems on the settlement prediction seting up unequal interval GM（1,1） model, grey Verhulst model and BP neural network model to predict the settlement. The predicted results are probably equal to the in—situ monitoring results, which show that models have preferable precision. Among these models, the forecasted results by BP model are most reasonable.更多还原