【作者】 武琛；

【导师】 赵丽凤；

【作者基本信息】 中国科学院研究生院（工程热物理研究所） ， 热能工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 氢是未来的理想能源，但它不是一次能源，需要从一次能源转换而来。煤、生物质等含碳能源规模转化制氢是目前全球研究的一个热点。生物质是固定了太阳能的可再生能源，其生长过程是吸收CO₂固定太阳能的过程。从生物质的生长到利用的整个过程来看，生物质规模制氢并回收反应生成的CO₂可以说实现了CO₂的负排放。含碳能源直接制氢与传统的煤制氢相比，实现了反应和分离的集成、吸热和放热过程的集成，是一种较为高效的含碳能源制氢方式。本论文基于直接制氢的原理从以下几个方面进行深入研究。首先构建生物质直接制氢基本理论模型，用Aspen化工模拟软件对生物质、水与二氧化碳吸收剂等组成的反应体系进行热化学反应分析和模拟，针对不同的入料量及水蒸气量，不同压力、温度等反应条件模拟计算出产品气体组成及含量，分析了温度和压力等反应参数对生物质直接制氢的影响。在此基础上归纳提出生物质直接制氢的理想反应工况范围。在理论分析基础上，根据所要实现的反应条件，在煤直接制氢连续实验台的基础上改建了适合生物质的进料装置。对生物质直接制氢进行实验研究，初步研究了温度、压力、吸收剂、催化剂等参数对实验结果影响，得出了生物质直接制氢的适宜工作条件。并且实验中探索了连续运行的操作条件及难点，为生物质直接制氢的放大及中试提供合理依据和参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrogen is expected to be an environmentally clean energy in the future. But it is not a kind of primary energy and has to be converted from some kind of primary energy. Hydrogen production from carbonaceous energy, such as coal and biomass, is a hot spot for study in the world. Biomass is a kind of renewable energy that fixes the solar energy. To some extent, hydrogen production from biomass, as well as capturing CO2, can achieve the goal of CO2 negative emission.Compared to conventional hydrogen production, direct hydrogen production from carbonaceous energy realizes the integration of reaction and separation processes, and endothermic and exothermic reactions. That is a high efficient way to produce hydrogen. The paper presents studies based on the principle of direct hydrogen production.This paper firstly builds a theoretical model of biomass gasification, then introduces Aspen Plus chemical process simulation software to study the effects of temperature, pressure, absorbent and catalyst on hydrogen production from biomass gasification. On this basis the paper summarizes the ideal parameter range of hydrogen production from biomass gasification.In order to study the reaction conditions and influencing factors of hydrogen production from biomass, direct hydrogen production from coal experiment facility has been amended. The reactants of the gasification process include biomass, CaO and steam. The facility has the ability to continuously feed the biomass/CaO powder into the reactor at a given pressure. The temperature, pressure, absorbent and catalyst parameters on the experimental results are studied in the continuous experiment facility. During the continuous experiment, the operation conditions and difficulties are also studied.更多还原