【作者】 康海波；

【导师】 张仲鹏；

【作者基本信息】 西南交通大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本论文借助有限元软件ANSYS探讨、研究了一种新型的铁路救援起重机——大吨位、双回转铁路起重机的吊臂结构。基于德国同类起重机吊臂结构的外形图，提出一个八边形截面吊臂结构的初始方案，称之为仿德国方案，通过ANSYS的分析，对其进行改进，提出了一个新的吊臂结构方案。结果表明新的方案是优于初始的仿德国方案。论文首先对国内外铁路起重机的现状与发展方向进行了介绍和分析，接着简要地介绍了相关的理论知识——弹性力学和有限元方法，再继续介绍了本论文写作的主要工具ANSYS软件。本论文的主要工作是，首先对大吨位、双回转铁路起重机吊臂的结构进行了探讨，包括了不同截面对吊臂性能的影响，提出了仿德国方案。对三节臂八边形的吊臂进行了分段建模，加载，约束，求解。对初步的方案共分析了其五个危险工况，逐步对模型提出修改，以便于模型能满足各个工况的强度，刚度要求。本论文并对传统的六边形作为截面的吊臂进行了分析，通过对比，很显然得出了八边形截面的吊臂性能优于六边形截面的吊臂。本文的最后还进行了大吨位、双回转铁路起重机吊臂结构整体分析初探，对吊臂的三段节臂采取了整体建模的方法，对各节臂之间的搭接部分采用节点自由度耦合的方法来模拟吊臂与滑块的相对滑动。其整体分析的结果与分段分析的结果的差别很小，从一个侧面也验证了分段分析结果的可靠性。最后文章进一步提出了对结合吊臂、变幅油缸、转台以及底架结构进行整体分析的研究建议，力图使今后的设计和分析更加准确、可靠。更多还原

【Abstract】 This paper employs FEA (Finite Element Analysis) software ANSYS to analyze and research on the structure of the liftboom on one new railway crane -large-tonnage and double-revolving railway crane. And analysising some picture of the structure of the liftboom of German’s railway crane, this paper gives one new structure of the liftboom with octagon section. Then the structure is analyzed and adjusted, finally one new structure is put forword. It’s proved that the new structure is better than the structure imitating German’s company.First this paper introduces the status quo and development orientation, and then introduces some correlative knowledge, e.g. elasticity mechanics theory and FEA theory. Finally, the software ANSYS is introduced in brief. This paper analyzes and studies the structure of liftboom of the large-tonnage and double-revolving railway crane, including the liftboom’s capability influence casued by different sections, putting forward a imitation German’s company,modeling separately three liftbooms with octagon section, also loading, restricting, solving one by one. Regaring the imitation German’s company model, analyzing five dangerous operating modes ,modifying the model gradually in order to make the model meet the intensity and stiffness requirements. This paper also analyzes the traditional liftboom with hexagon section ,through the comparing ,the liftboom’s capability of octagon section is better than hexagon section.In the end of the paper, Analyzing the three liftbooms of railway crane -large-tonnage and double-revolving as an whole., adopting the technology of nodes freedom coupling to simulate relative slippage between liftboom and slide. The result of analysis which considered the three liftbooms as an whole is almost equal to the result of analysis which considered the three liftbooms separately.this also validates the reliability of separate analysis from a side view. Therefore, the paper provides some references and suggests when the structure of large-tonnage and double-revolving railway crane is designed further or modified to make the future design and analysis more reliable, accurate and economic.更多还原