【作者】 杨宏；

【导师】 袁九毅；

【作者基本信息】 兰州大学 ， 环境科学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 论文从流域水电站梯级开发的现实情况入手，分析认为，传统意义上的环境影响评价(Environmental Impact Assessment,EIA)已不能满足评价多级电站对环境在时空上累积影响的要求，也无法满足可持续发展的要求。通过对累积影响评价(Cumulative Effects Assessment,CEA)与单个建设项目的环境影响评价的比较，认为CEA能够弥补EIA不足并满足可持续发展的要求，对于流域水电梯级开发有着重大的现实意义和必要性。本文对CEA的概念、内涵及外延、特征、原则以及框架等进行系统梳理，对评价方法进行介绍和比较，并对国内外研究进行回顾。结合亚洲开发银行(Asian Development Bank)委托的黑河干流(黄藏寺～莺落峡河段)水电梯级开发累积环境影响评价项目，研究在实际评价工作中开展CEA的程序、分析方法以及注意的问题等。研究结果表明，流域水电梯级开发对开发河段的累积环境影响主要体现在对当地水环境、生态环境和社会环境等三个方面；同时，水电梯级开发的累积环境效益是单个水电站所无法比拟的，因而这也是累积环境影响评价研究的重点之一。在论文的结论与展望中，提出下一步的工作目标和任务，主要是结合流域可持续发展评价方法，进行流域可持续发展测评，目的是在明确累积效应的基础上，衡量流域未来发展的可持续性。论文的研究意义在于：对于CEA的研究，既有系统的理论研究，也有实际的科研案例，有一定的理论研究和实际应用价值。实例研究中的分析对象——黑河流域——在西北内陆地区具有较强的典型性和代表性，研究能够对当地区域发展规划，特别是环境规划、流域规划提供一定参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Standing from the reality of cascade hydropower development in drainage area, the thesis analyzes and gets the conclusion that the traditional environmental impacts assessment (EIA) of hydropowe project could not satisfy the demand of evaluating cumulative effects on time and space of cascade hydropower development, as well as the demand of sustainable development. Though comparing the differentiation between cumulative effects assessment (CEA) and EIA of single project, it shows that CEA could make up the shortage of EIA and get the requirement of sustainable development, it is important and necessary to do CEA for cascade hydropower development.This thesis introduces the concept, content, extension, characteristics, principle, frame etc. of CEA, compares the evaluating methods, and reviews the study of CEA in home and abroad, takes the Cumulative Environmental Impact Analysis for the Cascade Hydropower Development on Heihe River Main Stream (Huangzangsi-Yingluoxia River Section), which is commissioned by Asian Development Bank as an example, to study the procedure, method, issue etc. in actual evaluation work of CEA.The research result shows that the main cumulative effects of cascade hydropower development in drainage area are the impacts to the native environment of water, ecosystem and society; at the same time, the cumulative environmental benefits of cascade hydropower development, which the single hydropower station can not compare to, is one of the points of CEA as well.In the conclusion and expectation of the thesis, further aim and task is put forward, that is evaluating the sustainable development ablity of the drainage area according with the method of sustainable development estimation, to weigh the sustainable development ablity of the drainage area in future on the base of cumulative effects.The research significance of this thesis consists in: it provides systematic theories study also well as investigative case of CEA, has certain theories research value and actual application value. The object - Heihe River area - is typical and representative in the northwest inland region, the research can offer certain consultation for the native district development, especially for the environment programming and drainage area programming.更多还原