【作者】 文静；

【导师】 崔鸿；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 教材是教师教学和学生学习的依据，对学生成长应起到促进学会认知、学会做事、学会共同生活、学会生存、完善自我的作用。习题作为教材的重要组成部分，与正文内容紧密相连、相互依存，是正文内容的延伸与运用，是学习评价的重要手段。就促进学生发展而言，教材中的练习系统比单个的零散的例题、习题更加全面、系统，更加有效，这是不言而喻的。对练习进行科学、系统的设计，有利于最大限度地实现练习的功能。如何将科学态度、情感与价值观的评价体现在最直接、最常见的评价方式——教材中的练习题(或思考题)，成为教材编写与研究人员极为关注的问题。本文通过对新加坡初中科学教材《交互作用的科学》的分析，借鉴其对科学态度、情感与价值观的评价方法，结合我国具体的国情，为科学教材中关于情意评价的习题的编制提供一定的启示。论文主要由五个部分组成。第一部分阐明了论文选题的原因及意义，指出中学科学课程中科学态度、情感与价值观教育的重要性，科学教材中的习题作为学习评价的重要手段，应该充分体现对学生科学态度、情感与价值观的考查，选择新加坡中学科学教材《交互作用的科学》进行分析研究，可以促进我国科学教材的改革，改进对情感、态度与价值观的评价。第二部分对情感、态度与价值观的含义及相互关系进行了解说，还具体解析了科学课程中情感、态度与价值观目标的构成和情意评价的现状。第三部分分析了中学科学教材中习题的特点、编写原则，并鼓励广大教师参与习题教学改革。第四部分是对《交互作用的科学》中习题设计的具体分析。首先对教材进行总体的介绍，接着从对待科学学习、对待科学、对待科学技术与社会的关系、对待自然四个方面对教材的习题设置进行具体的分析。文章最后，根据对《交互作用的科学》的分析研究，对我国在情意评价方面提出了以下几点建议：改善我国对科学态度、情感与价值观评价的现状；编写和使用教材时要以《标准》的理念为指导；增加教材中习题的数量和开放程度；将科学态度、情感与价值观的评价渗入教材和考试题中；完善教材相关的配套课程资源；培养学生个性、挖掘个人潜力；立足中国国情，体现中国特色。更多还原

【Abstract】 The textbook is the basis of teaching and studying, and work for pupils’ growing up. It make them learn how to cognize, how to work, how to live together, how to survive, how to consummate the self-role. The exercise is an important part of the textbook, close connecting to the content of textbook and depending on each other deeply. It also extends and applies to the main content of the textbook, as an important method of studying appraisal. As far as promoting the students developing, it’s self-evident that practice system in the textbook is more comprehensive, more systematic, and more effective than the single scattered sample questions or exercises. If we design the practices scientifically and systematic, we will realizes the practice function in maximum. The writers of text and researchers extremely concern about how to express the appraisal of scientific attitude, feeling and values in the most direct, the most common appraisal way—exercises in the textbook. This article analyzes the science textbook of Singapore junior middle school "Interactive Science", and benefit from the method of appraising scientific attitude, feeling and values, hoping to give some reference about how to authorize the exercises for appraising scientific attitude, feeling and values in science textbook in our country.The thesis consists of five parts. In part I , it shows clearly the reason and significance of selecting this topic. The education of scientific attitude, feeling and values in teaching is very important. The exercises in the textbook, as an important means of study appraisal, should express the examination of scientific attitude, feeling and values. We analysis and research on the science textbook of Singapore "Interactive Science" to promote the reform of science textbook in our country, and to improve the appraisement of scientific attitude, feeling and values.Part II explain the meaning and relation of scientific attitude, feeling and values. And then analyze the goal and the present situation of appraising scientific attitude, feeling and values in science curriculum.Part III analyze the characteristic and compilation principle of the exercise in science textbook. And encourage the general teacher to participate in the exercise educational reform.Part IV concretely analyze the designing of exercise in "Interactive Science". First of all, it introduces the textbook generally, and then analyzes the setting of exercise in the textbook on four aspects: treating studying, treating science, treating the relationship between science, technology and society and treating nature. Last, according to the analysis and research of "Interactive Science", it table several proposals about how to appraise scientific attitude, feeling and values: Improving present situation of appraisal in our country; Writing and using the textbook by the idea of "Standard" for instruction; Increasing the quantity and the open level of the exercise in the textbook; Infiltrating the appraisal of scientific attitude, feeling and values to the textbook and test; consummating the curriculum resources matching with the textbook; Raising the individuality of student and developing the potential; Basing upon the situation of Chinese and expressing the Chinese characteristic.更多还原