论“双稳健”政策下的就业问题与失业治理

【作者】 李晓辉；

【导师】 钱再见；

【作者基本信息】 南京师范大学 ， 行政管理， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 中国作为世界人口大国，劳动力供给量增长很快。长期以来的经济发展战略和工业化路径选择积累了大量的国企冗员和农村剩余劳动力。随着社会主义市场经济体制的不断深化，传统就业制度被打破，市场化就业机制尚在形成之中。特别是随着国有企业改革的深入，长期以冗员形式存在的隐性失业呈现出显性化趋势。城乡分割的制度壁垒正在被打破，农村剩余劳动力转移速度正不断加快。现阶段的就业问题比较突出，促进就业已成为一项长期的艰巨任务。而2004年的中央经济工作会议，正式提出了从2005年开始实施稳健的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，积极财政政策的退出势必对就业产生一定的影响，直接靠财政赤字拉动就业不再现实，为此可以从财政政策的其他手段入手，比如税收，转移支付等方面来带动就业，另外货币政策的主导性增强也有利于就业的增长。这要求我们必须从战略高度，系统审视和分析我国的劳动力就业问题，探寻相应的政策措施，有效促进就业增长，缓解现阶段严峻的就业形势。本文首先对近现代各种失业理论进行总结性回顾，并全面分析比较各国的就业政策，试图为我国现阶段失业问题的分析和解决构建一定的理论基础。本着理论与实践相结合的原则，文章系统的阐述了我国现阶段的就业状况及特征。在此基础上，运用系统分析和发展的观点深入分析现阶段我国突出的就业问题的形成机理。最后，结合“双稳健”政策的宏观经济背景，就我国目前以及今后仍将继续存在的失业问题，结合我国经济发展目标，提出相应的对策建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a large developing country, with the labor supply whose increase is fast. Strategy of economic development and path of industrialization had resulted in lots of super and surplus labor force both in state-owned enterprises and country. With the deepening of market economy, traditional employment system has been broken, and marketed employment mechanism is coming into existence. To make it worse, the apparent unemployment which used to be hidden in the formation of lay-off is recently exposed by the reform in Chinese enterprises, especially in the state-owned enterprises. With the broken of the division between urban and suburban, the speed of the transfer of countryside surplus labor force is increasing. The unemployment problem is becoming into a long-term and tough task, however, the central economy meeting of 2004 put forward officially that since 2005 the steady financial policy and the steady monetary policy will be implemented, the withdrawal of active financial policy will surely exert some influence on employment, it will no longer be realistic to draw the employment only by financial deficit, therefore we can obtain for this from other methods of financial policy, for instance tax revenue, shift payment transfer and so on, moreover, the guiding enhance of monetary policy is also good for employment growth. So we should research the unemployment issue from a strategy view, make the promotion of employment, alleviate the tense situation of employment.This paper, first, makes an overall review of all kinds of unemployment theories and compares employment policies in different countries, which help to build up a strong theoretical basis for the analysis of China’s unemployment problem. To follow the rule of combining theory with the practice, this paper systematically illustrates the present employment situation and characteristic. On basis of that, this paper analyzes the cause of the present unemployment problem. Finally, with the prudent fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy, it comes to some recommended policies, full of creativity, aimed to solve the unemployment problems with the goal of economic development.更多还原