【作者】 胡张喜；

【导师】 刘志峰；

【作者基本信息】 合肥工业大学 ， 机械电子工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 废弃电子电器产品的回收处理及再资源化不仅可以节约有限的资源和能源，同时也能有效地防止废旧产品污染环境，是实现循环经济和可持续发展战略的重要组成部分。在废弃电子电器产品中，印刷线路板具有废弃数量大、使用范围广、再资源化价值高、环境污染严重等特点，因此针对废弃印刷线路板的回收方法研究，得到了国内外许多研究机构的关注。本文在总结现有废弃印刷线路板回收工艺及方法的基础上，将绿色环保的新技术——超临界流体技术应用于废弃印刷线路板的回收，并对其实验系统的开发、实验设计及回收机理展开深入研究。本文首先总结了现有废弃线路板回收工艺的研究现状、应用情况和各自的优缺点，之后对超临界流体技术的基本原理和应用情况进行了研究。开发了间歇式高温高压超临界CO₂流体回收处理废弃印刷线路板实验系统，为实验研究提供了实验平台，并采用正交设计方法对回收实验进行科学设计。在对实验数据进行收集和分析的基础上，采用SPSS软件分析了温度、压力、反应时间、夹带剂等因素对线路板分层效果的影响，以及各因数间的交互作用，对实验过程中的显著性因素进行了实验分析，并综合所有分析结果得出了最佳实验参数。之后，在系统分析印刷线路板结构和组成材料的物理化学性质的基础上，对回收机理进行了深入研究。通过对样本进行质谱检测，分析了回收过程中树脂材料的分解产物和分解过程；通过建立溶解度模型，对回收过程中树脂材料的溶解度进行了研究。最后，将超临界CO₂回收方法同目前现有的线路板回收方法进行比较，从多个方面出发对其特点进行了研究。更多还原

【Abstract】 The recycling treatment and reusing of abandoned electronic appliances can not only save limited resource and energy, but also efficiently protect the environment, and it is an important part in realizing the recycling economy and sustainable development strategy. Printed circuit board scraps （PCBs） are one kind of abandoned electronic appliance, which has great quantity, wide usage spectrum, high value, and may cause serious environmental pollution. Therefore, the PCBs’ recycling technique and method attracts the attention from many research institutions at home and abroad.Based on the review of current research on the PCBs’ recycling technique and method, this paper applies the new environmentally friendly technology-supercritical fluid to the recycling of abandoned PCBs, and do deep research on the development of experimental system, research design and recycling mechanism. Firstly, this paper gets a review of current research on the PCBs’ recycling technique and method, their applying situations and their advantages and disadvantages. Then, it does research on basic methodology and applying situation of supercritical fluid technology. It develops intermittent supercritical CO2 fluid recycling experimental system with high temperature and high pressure, provides experimental platform, and use orthogonal experiment design method to design the experiment. Based on the gathering and analyzing of experimental data, it use SPSS to analyze the influence of temperature, pressure, response time and solvent on the PCBs’ delamination, the interaction of these factors, the significance analyzing of these factors, and get the best experiment parameter after synthesizing all the factors. After systematically analyzing the structure and physical and chemical characteristics of the components of PCBs, it do deep research on the recycling mechanism. By testing the mass spectrum of sample, this paper anylizes the decompounding resultant and process of the resign material during the recycling and by establishing solubility model, it reseraches on the solubility of the resign material. At last, it compares the recycling method using supercritcial CO₂ with other methods, and gets its characteristics.更多还原