【作者】 屈晓莉；

【导师】 殷锦捷；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁工程技术大学 ， 材料学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 聚丙烯(PP)是五大通用塑料之一,具有耐高温、耐腐蚀、密度小等优点,且易于成型加工、价格便宜,现已成为五大通用塑料中发展最快的品种。但由于其冲击强度和拉伸强度较低,很大程度上限制了其在工程中的应用。本文对聚丙烯进行了共混增强增韧改性的研究。采用机械共混的方法制备PP/EVA、PP/SBS、PP/硅灰石、PP/玻璃纤维、PP/硬沥青等五大共混体系。着重对共混体系的力学性能(拉伸强度、冲击强度)、结晶性、相态形貌进行了测试与分析。同时对短切纤维增强聚丙烯复合材料中短切纤维在复合材料种的长度及复合材料的界面性能、力学性能等进行了研究,得出玻璃纤维的加入提高了材料的力学强度。为了提高各共混体系之间的界面结合强度,本文采取对各个体系加入增容剂PP-g-MAH的方法。结果表明:增容剂的加入不同程度地提高了各体系的力学性能。另外对PP-g-MAH采用正交实验的方法来研究,从而确定出最优的各组分配比及最佳挤出工艺条件。更多还原

【Abstract】 The polypropylene (PP) is one of the five kinds of main general plastics. It possesses thermostable, chemical resistance, low density properties. Now, it has become progress quickest species in the five general plastics. However, the poor impact properties and tensile strength limit some of its application in engineering. In this paper, PP’s blending, reinforcing and toughening were studied. Several blending systems, including PP/EVA, PP/SBS, PP/wollastonites, PP/GF and PP/hard asphalt were prepared with the method of mechanical blending. The mechanical properties (such as tensile strength and impact strength), crystallinity, and morphology of the blending were tested and studied. We studied the length of fiber in composites, the interface characteristic, mechanical properties in short glass fiber reinforced PP composites. Experiment result showed the adding glass fiber improved mechanical properties of PP/GF composites. In order to enhance interphase adhesion, maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MAH) was used as compatibilizer to add PP blending. The results showed adding compatibilizer improved the mechanical of blending. In addition, PP-g-MAH’s process parameters were investigated by orthogonal experiment method, from which the optimum mixing proportions and extrusion conditions were concluded.更多还原