【作者】 张海磊；

【导师】 常明；

【作者基本信息】 天津理工大学 ， 物理电子学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 氢能作为一种清洁高效的可再生能源,在能源日渐枯竭的今天,具有重要的战略地位。如何开发经济廉价的制氢方法至关重要。在诸多制氢方法中,电解法具有设备简单、工艺成熟、制取氢气纯度高等特点一直被广泛应用。但不足之处是该法能耗较高、效率偏低。另外传统电极易腐蚀,寿命短或钝化,失去活性,故常采用去离子水作为原料。这不仅增加了耗能成本,且耗费了大量的水资源。尤其在条件恶劣的缺水地区,电解法应用更加困难。为此,我们采用电解污水制氢,该法可省掉水去离子化过程,且节省大量的水资源,经济环保,但对电极的要求也更高。因此,探索新的电极材料成为电解法制取氢气的一个重要内容。随着金刚石低压沉积技术日益成熟,在一定基底上制备金刚石电极成为人们研究的焦点。金刚石膜电极具有宽的电势窗口、低的背景电流、良好的催化活性、耐腐蚀、耐高温等化学特性,因此利用金刚石膜电极进行污水处理,尤其是对于具有超高COD毒性很强的很难降解的有机污水,具有电流效率高、降解完全、不易反复等特点。因此,将金刚石膜电极的制备、污水处理、氢气制取相结合,不仅可以提高能量的利用效率,还可以保护环境,节约水资源,使氢能利用更方便。本文首先介绍了氢能的有关知识,包括氢能的特点与应用、氢的制取、氢的干燥提纯等。其中着重介绍了制氢的各种方法,并比较其优缺点。然后介绍了金刚石膜电极的制备与表征,包括探索其成膜影响因素、工艺参数等。最后研究金刚石膜优异的电化学特性,将金刚石膜电极应用于污水制氢。实验结果表明,采用金刚石膜电极污水制氢不仅可有效降解有机物,还可制取较高纯度的氢气。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hydrogen energy has the important strategic status as a clean and effectively reproducible energy when the energy is drying up. It is very important to know about how to explore an economically and low-cost method to produce hydrogen. In a good many methods, electrolysis is broadly applied with its simple equipment, ripe craftwork and high hydrogen purity. But the disadvantage of this method is high energy consume and low efficiency. Besides, traditional electrode can be easily eroded, and easily lost activity. So people often make use of water without iron as material. That way not only increases cost but also wastes much water resource . Especially It is in the area where water is rare. Under the condition, we can electrolysis the polluted water to produce hydrogen. It can save the process of wiping off ion, and economize water resource. It is economical and environment–protected, but it requires higher standard to electrode water.With the development of the deposition technique, people focus on studying the preparation the diamond thin film electrode on some fund. The diamond film has good characters, for example, it has wide potential window, low background current, good catalyzing activity, bearing erosion and high temperature, so it has some characteristics such as high current efficiency, complete decomposition, and little repeating when the diamond film electrode applied to polluted water treatment, especially when applied to waste water treatment with super high COD .Therefore, if we combine the diamond film electrode preparation with polluted water treatment and hydrogen production. It can not only advance energy utilized efficiency, but also can protect environment, economize water resource, which makes it convenient to hydrogen application.The present article introduces the relative knowledge about hydrogen energy, which includes characteristics and application about hydrogen energy, hydrogen production, hydrogen dryness and purification. That emphasizes the different methods of hydrogen production , by comparing their advantages and disadvantages. Then, it introduces the relevant knowledge of diamond film electrode preparation and token, including exploring its growth influence, craftwork parameter etc. Lastly,it studies the electrochemistry character of diamond film, in order to put diamond film electrode in producing hydrogen from polluted water. The experimental result shows that it can availably decompose organic substance and produce high purity hydrogen更多还原