【作者】 刘鑫；

【导师】 王元；

【作者基本信息】 西安建筑科技大学 ， 供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 本文研究的目的是根据南疆和田地区的气象条件设计适合该地区特点的零能耗被动式太阳能建筑。首先，采用EnergyPlus图形界面软件DesignBuilder建立了新疆和田地区被动式太阳能建筑模型，并对模型建筑的冬季热环境进行了全面的模拟。从太阳能建筑内部热环境模拟的结果可以看出，各房间内实效温度均较室外温度有较大幅度的提高，温度升高幅度在10℃左右，模型中采用直接受益式结构的房间，室内实效温度在日间的大部分时间可比室外高出8-15℃，采用Trombe墙式结构的房间，室内实效温度在全天的大部分时间可比室外温度高出10-15℃，采用附加阳光间的房间，室内实效温度全天可比室外温度高出12-15℃，基本满足了文献中提出的零能耗太阳房舒适温度为12℃的标准。温度升高的幅度，取决于当日太阳辐射量的大小，这表明通过被动的利用太阳辐射能量，可以改善该地区居住建筑室内热环境。南疆和田地区充足的光热资源为被动式太阳房的发展和推广提供了有利的条件，两种形式的被动式太阳房结构对改善该地区居住热环境，降低能耗，节省采暖成本，保护环境有显著的效果，具备在该地区推广实行的可行性。然后，采用室内流动模拟商业软件Airpak建模，模拟了集热蓄热墙(Trombe墙)式结构的太阳房冬季典型周中一天14时(即太阳辐射最强时刻)该房间室内的气流状况及温度场分布。考虑到该地区冬季北风出现的频率、当日的平均风速以及房间最小换气次数，在一定保证率下，确定在北侧设置自然通风口，并计算出相应通风口尺寸。通过模拟结果可以看出Trombe墙造成的热压诱导气流循环，可使室内空气被加热至10℃左右，比室外温度高出5-10℃，且室内冷热气流混合良好，房间内温度分度较均匀。更多还原

【Abstract】 The purpose of this study is designing passive solar building with zero energy consumption for Hotan of Xinjiang Province based on meteorological condition of this region. First of all , the passive solar building model for Hotan has been built with DesignBuilder, an interface of EnergyPlus, and the thermal environment of winter has been simulated overall. It is observed from the simulation result of thermal environment in this model, the operative temperature is much higher than the dry bulb temperature outdoor, and the increment is about 10℃.The operative temperature of room with direct benefit window structure is 8-15℃higher than outdoor temperature in most of daytime; the operative temperature of room with Trombe wall structure is 10-15℃higher than outside temperature in all day; the operative temperature of room with sunspace structure is 12-15℃higher than outside temperature in all day. The comfort temperature standard for passive solar house of zero energy consumption has been satisfied with 12℃in articles. Since the temperature increment rest with the amount of solar radiation on that day, it can improve the initial thermal environment of residential building through using solar energy passively. The three type passive solar house structures has notable effect in improving the initial thermal environment of houses ,depressing energy consumption, save heating cost in this region, can be feasible for developing and expanding.Then, the room with heat collection and storage wall (Tombe wall) has been modeled and simulated with Airpak, a CAE software for simulating indoor air flow condition.The indoor airflow and temperature distribution has been simulated and the effect of natural ventilation of this passive solar room has been evaluated at 14o’clock(the time with the most solar radiation) of one day in winter typical week. For north wind is the most occurrence frequency of this region, opening vent for natural ventilation has been set in north side of the room, and the size of vent for mineral air changes has been determined in a certain guarantee rate by average wind velocity on that day. It is observed that, Trombe wall can inspire the airflow circulation caused by hot press induction, and the indoor air could be heated up to 10 ℃ more or less, higher than outdoor temperature with 5-10℃,the cold and hot airflow are mixed well, and the temperature distribution is uniformly.更多还原